ANALYSIS or THE ORDERS. 135 



Fruit a single eamara. Calyx minute, persistent Fraxine^ 



a double samara. deciduous Acerace^. 



a drupe. 



Flowers perfect. Stamen? on the calyx Riiamnace^. 



dioecious. ; hj'pogynous Fouestiei{E.e. 



Fruit a many-seeded capsule. Herbs Lyturace^. 



Leaves alternate. 



Ovules and seeds 1-2 in each cell. 



Flowers raonodioecious. Fruit a drupe or capsule Eupiiorbiace^. 



polygamous. Capsule 3-4-winged Sapindace^. 



perfect or polygamous. 



Fruit a berry. Calyx colored Phttolaccace^. 



a samara. Leaves stipulate Ulmace^e. 



Ovules and seeds numerous in the cells. Capsule circumscissile. 



Capsule 3-celled. Flowers solitary PoRXULACACEiE. 



5-celled. cymose CRAssuLACEiE. 



Sub-class II. Gymn^ospermous Exogei^ous Plants. 



Ovules naked (not contained in an ovary), supported by 

 an open scale or leaf, or else terminating a branch, and fer- 

 tilized by the direct application of the pollen. 



stem branching. Leaves simple Conifers. 



Stem simple, palm-like. Leaves pinnate Cycadace2e. 



Class II. Monocotyledonous or Endogenous Plants. 



Stem composed of cellular tissue and scattered bundles 

 of woody fiber and vessels, destitute of pith, proper bark or 

 concentric layers, and increasing in diameter by the depo- 

 sition of new fibrous bundles. Leaves mostly alternate, 

 entire, and parallel-veined, commonly sheathing at the 

 base, seldom falling off by articulation. Floral envelopes 

 usually in threes. . Cotyledon single. 



* Floral envelopes none. Flowers on a spadix. 

 Stemless, floating herbs. 



Plants frond-like, with no distinction of stem and leaves Lemnace^. 



Leaves clustered, spreading. Flowers axillary Msiia in Araceje. 



Caulescent, leafy, rooting herbs. 



Fruit a berry. Spadix enclosed in a spathe Arace^. 



an achenium. Stem immersed, floating Naiadaceje. 



not immersed, erect TtpuacEuE. 



** Floral envelopes (perianth) single or double, not glumacebus. 

 Ovary adherent to the perianth. 



Stamens and pistils united into a column. Flowers irregular. . .Orchidace^. 



separate. 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious. 



enclosed in a ?pathc ia the bud. Aquatic? KYDKocaARiDACE.E. 



