710 EEPOET OF STATE- GEOLOGIST. 



Q. Texana Buckley. Texan Red Oak. 



A tree very similar to Q. rubra and Q. palwtris, from which it is 

 usually not separated. It is found in Gibson, Posey and Knox 

 counties and probably extends farther northward along the Wa- 

 bash River. In its maximum development it is much larger than 

 either of the preceding species. 



The wood is hard, heavy and strong and used for the same pur- 

 poses as the preceding forms. 



Flowers in April and May; fruit ripens in September and Oc- 

 tober. 



The form was first detected in the State by Dr. J. Schneck. 



Q. coccinea Wang. Scarlet Oak. 



Found throughout the State, but in much greater development 

 both as to size and number in the southern counties. Not frequent 

 in the northern part of the State and wanting in certain of the cen- 

 tral-eastern counties. In our area the species reaches a height of 

 from 80 to 140 feet and a trunk diameter of from two to four feet. 



The wood is not distinguished commercially from that of the red 

 oak and is used for the same purposes. 



Flowers in M*y and June ; acorns ripen in September and Oc- 

 tober. 



Range sufficiently indicated above. 



Q. velutina Lam. Black Oak. Yellow-barked Oak. 

 (Q. coccinea tinctoria Gray.) 



More largely distributed than Q. coccinea, which it somewhat re- 

 sembles. It usually grows on moist or dry uplands associated with 

 red and white oaks, various hickories and maples. A tree of about 

 the same size as the scarlet oak. 



The wood is heavy and strong, but not tough. As is the 

 case in the majority of oaks, it checks badly in drying. Used 

 for cooperage and in construction. The bark is rich in tannin and 

 is largely used in tanning; and the inner bark, which is extremely 

 bitter, furnishes a valuable yellow dye. 



Flowers in May and June ; acorns ripen in September and Oc- 

 tober. 



Range sufficiently indicated above. 



Q. digitata (Marsh) Sudw. Spanish Oak. 



(Q.falcata Michx.) 

 General, but by no means abundant, in the southern counties. 

 Usually found in dry, gravelly soils. A tree ranging from 80 to 

 100 feet in height, with a maximum trunk diameter of six feet. 



