?14 REPORT OF STATE GEOLOGIST. 



leaves are broadly ovate or obovate, seven inches loDg by five wide, 

 the teeth rounded, the veins less prominent." The small acorns 

 are sweet and edible. 



The wood is very strong and durable in contact with the soil, but 

 checks badly in drying. Used for cooperage, railroad ties, wheel- 

 stock, fencing, etc. 



Flowers in May and June ; acorns ripen in October and Novem- 

 ber. 



Range indicated. 



ULMACE.E. Elm Family. 



ULMUS L. 



U. Americana L. American or White Elm. Water Elm. 



Generally distributed throughout the State, and found in soils of 

 every character, though reaching its greatest development in low, 

 rich woods and along streams. A tree from 90 to 110 feet high, 

 with a trunk diameter at times as great as eight or nine feet. 



The wood is hard to split, but is strong and tough. It is used 

 extensively for wheel stocks, saddle trees, flooring, in cooperage, 

 and is now being largely exported to England for use in boat and 

 ship building. The form is one of our most desirable shade trees 

 either for lawns or streets. Its only disadvantage ia, perhaps, its 

 liability to injury from insects. 



Flowering season, March and April. 



Distribution so general that specific stations are omitted. 



U. racemosa Thomas. Cork or Reck Elm. Hickory Elm. 



The distribution of this form is rather peculiar, so far as reports 

 indicate. It is abundant in Franklin County and along the banks 

 of the Ohio as far west as Jefferson County, but is not reported from 

 any of the southwestern counties. It is found plentifully in Noble 

 County, but in the central- eastern counties between Noble and 

 Franklin it is apparently wanting. Sparingly found in other 

 counties, usually in rich soils, though growing well in low, wet clay. 

 A large tree, 60 to 90 feet high, often two or three feet in diameter. 



The wood is hard, tough and strong, and susceptible of a high 

 polish. It is largely used in the manufacture of heavy agricultural 

 implements, for railway ties, bridge timbers, sills, etc., and is a 

 form of high economic value. 



Flowers in April. 



Distribution indicated above. 



