FLOWERING PLANTS AND PEBNS OF INDIANA. 951 



fruit January 1, 1899, at Fort Wayne. The plants had appa- 

 rently blossomed under the snow and had fruited so abundantly 

 that the surrounding grass was whitened with the pappus. An 

 examination of specimens showed the achenes to be fully viable. 

 Tippecanoe (Cunningham); Kosciusko (Coulter); Jefferson 

 (Barnes); Putnam (MacDougal); Dearborn (Collins); Clark 

 (Baird and Taylor); Franklin (Meyncke); Xoble (Van Gorder); 

 Jay, Delaware, Randolph, and Wayne (Phinney); Gibson and 

 Posey (Schneck); St. Joseph (Rothert); Decatur and Shelby (Bal- 

 lard); Wabash (Jenkins); Allen (Schultze); Fayette (Hessler); 

 Hamilton and Marion (Wilson); Steuben (Bradner). 



SONCHUS L. 



S. oleraceus L. Sow-thistle. 



Abundant in fields and waste places except in the extreme 

 northern part of the State. The very early leaves are somewhat 

 used for greens. 



Flowers from May until the heavy frosts. 



Tippecanoe (Cunningham ; Vigo (Blatchiey); Franklin 

 (Meyncke); Clark (Baird and Taylor); Jefferson (J. M. Coulter); 

 Putnam (MacDougal); Fayette (Hessler);' Marion; Steuben (Brad- 

 ner); Gibson. 



S. asper (L ) All. Spiny Sow-thistle. 



In similar localities as the preceding and of much the same 

 distribution. Both species are common but not troublesome 

 weeds. 



Jefferson (Barnes); Jay, Delaware, Randolph, and Wayne 

 (Phinney); Noble (Van Gorder); Franklin (Meyncke); Clark 

 (Baird and Taylor); Fayette (Hessler); Marion; Monroe; Hamil- 

 ton (Wilson); Steuben (Bradner) 



LACTUCA l. 



L. Scariola L. Prickly Lettuce. 



This species attracted attention a few years ago because of its 

 very rapid spread in waste places and its consequent invasion of 

 cultivated areas. The careful study of the plant published by 

 Dr. Arthur, of the Purdue Experiment Station, precludes the 

 necessity of any fuller discussion of the plant in this place. In 

 many districts, especially where sheep are kept, it is not consid- 

 ered a very troublesome weed, the sheep and other stock readily 

 eating the young leaves. It is now of wide distribution, and 



62-Geol. 



