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trees is shown in Plate VIII. It is growing in a dense clump of 

 sparkleberry bushes and short-leaf pine saplings, over which is 

 a canopy of bull ace grape vines. The extent of the shade is 

 indicated by the occurence around the foot of the pine of clumps 

 of moss and of a number of plants of pipsissewa (Chimaphila 

 maculata). This little pine is at least twelve years old and is 

 only three feet three inches high, but it is far more stocky and 

 vigorous than a number of young short-leaf pines near it, several 

 of which had been killed by the shade. Another surprise was the 

 finding in the same grove of a young long-leaf pine closely sur- 

 rounded by holly {Ilex opaca). In fact all one's previous 

 experience in regard to the associations and requirements of the 

 long-leaf pine seems controverted here. 



Among the herbaceous plants in the grove are Aster concola, 

 Vernonia angustifolia, Lespedeza repens, Dolicholus erecta, Cro- 

 talaria Purshii, Lespedeza virginica, Lespedeza Nuttallii, Galactia 

 volubilis, Stylosanthes riparia, Zornia braeteata, Baptisia tinc- 

 toria, Schrankia angustata, Polygala grandiflora, Euphorbia 

 Curtisii, Dasy stoma pedicularia (fly poison), Helianthemum 

 ma jus, Lechea villosa, Lechea racemulosa, Lechea Torreyi, Chim- 

 aphila maculata, Hypoxis hirsuta, Erigeron ramosus, Hieracium 

 venosum, Solidago odora, Vernonia angustifolia, Ghrysopis 

 graminifolia, and Sericocarpus bifoliatus. On a ditch bank 

 through an open field near here are a good lot of honey locust 

 trees {Gleditsia triacanthus) I, a few hackberries (Celtis Smallii). 

 and a single small ash tree (Fraxinus Darlingtonlt) , the only 

 one I have found in the neighborhood of Hartsville. 



For the typical low flatwoods I shall select for description that 

 area lying directly south of Mr. J. E. Miller's residence. Here the 

 long-leaf pine is still present in considerable quantity in mixture 

 with the old-field pine, which is the dominant tree of the flat- 

 woods. The relative abundance of these two pines fluctuates very 

 rapidly according to the slight dips and elevations of the surface, 

 the long-leaf pine preferring the higher ground. 



Originally the pines stood pretty close in the flatwoods, but in 

 most places they have been so culled as to be now considerably 

 scattered. The general effect is rather open. The willow oak is 

 abundant, and is perhaps the most characteristic tree. The other 

 arborescent growth consists of water oak, Spanish oak, black jack 

 oak, post oak (a little), black gum, sweet gum, and persimmon. 



