2 7 



The Bays and Swamps. 



As the typical "Bay" of this section we may select the one 

 called Burnt Bay which runs along the southern side of Black 

 Creek valley west of the novelty mill. It is covered with a dense 

 growth of trees and shrubs of which so many are evergreen as to 

 give a general effect of verdure at all seasons. On the edges there 

 is old-field pine and a little long-leaf pine, but the typical pine of 

 the bay, and the only one that extends through most of the deeper 

 parts, is the pond pine. This grows much larger here than in 

 the savannas, reaching a height of over seventy-five feet and a 

 diameter of two and a half feet. 



On the edges of the bay there is an attractive fringe of low 

 shrubs that leads up gradually to the taller growth behind. 

 Among these the two gallberries (Ilex glabra and Ilex lucida) 

 and the fetter bush (Lyonia nitida) are evergreen, and so numer- 

 ous are they proportionally as to give their hopeful winter color 

 to the whole border. Abundant among these are the following 

 deciduous shrubs: swamp azalea (Azalea viscosa), Lyonia ligus- 

 trina var. foliosiflora, sweet pepper bush (Clethra alnifolia), he- 

 huckleberry or myrtle (Cyrilla racemiflora), Virginia willow 

 (Ilea virginica), swamp sumach (Rhus Vernix), swamp candle- 

 berry (Myrica carolinensis) , the two possum haws (Viburnum 

 nudum and Viburnum cassinoides) , chokeberry (Aronia arbuti- 

 folia), the two high-bush huckleberries (Vaccinium fuscatum, 

 tall, berries black, and Vaccinium corymbosum, tall, berries blue), 

 high blackberry (Rubus Andrew sianus) , and a little of the shad 

 bush (Amelanchier Botryapium), called "wild currant" here. 

 Yellow jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) climbs over this 

 border in abundance, and just behind it are great masses of the 

 bamboo briar (Smilax laurifolia) one of the most beautiful ever- 

 green vines in the world. Poison ivy (Rhus Toxicodendron), 

 Virginia creeper (Psedera quinque folia), and cross-vine (Big- 

 nonia capreolata) extend throughout the bay, but the bullace 

 (Vitis rotundifolia) is confined to the borders. 



Next to the pine the largest trees of the bay are black gum 

 (Nyssa biflora), juniper (Chamaecyparis thyoides) and red 

 maple (Acer carolinianum) . Water oak (Quercus nigra) is 

 plentiful in the borders and shallower parts, and willow oak 

 (Quercus Phellos), while not a typical bay tree, is found in Burnt 

 Bay where it edges off into the low sandy woods on the south 

 side. 



