3i 



are to be found on the tussocks and tree bases in the swamps 

 nearly all the shrubs that have been described as making up the 

 marginal growth of Burnt Bay. 



As a good example of the typical creek swamp I shall choose 

 that part of Black Creek swamp lying just behind the old Bacot 

 Place. Here the tall, flat-crowned cypress trees reach high above 

 all else, and give an impressive dignity to the place. Reaching 

 nearly to their lower branches are fine specimens of black gum 

 and tulip tree, and beneath these are smaller trees of red maple, 

 juniper and sweet bay. 



The undergrowth, which is rather dense, consists of fetter bush 

 (Lyonia nitida), Virginia willow {I tea virginica). large gall- 

 berry (Ilex lucida), a little of the small gall-berry (Ilex glabra), 

 both 'possum haws (Viburnum nudum and Viburnum cassi- 

 noides), swamp azalea (Azalea viscosa), poison sumach (Rhus 

 cemix), male berry (Lyonia ligustrina var. f 'oliosi flora) , high 

 blackberry (Rubus Andreicsianus) , and alder (Alnus rugosa). It 

 was somewhat surprising to find here on the highest tussocks a lit- 

 tle holly (Ilex opaca), myrtle (Cyrilla racemiflora) and French 

 mulberry (Callicarpa americana). The two last are at their best 

 in a sunny exposure, and are not noticeable constituents of 

 swamps. Mikairia scandens clambered about among the shrubs, 

 and cross- vine (Bignonia capreolata) and poison ivy (Rhus Toxi- 

 codendron) ascended high into the trees. 



In the shallow water or saturated soil there was a considerable 

 herbaceous growth of marsh St. John's wort (Hypericum vir- 

 ginicum), lizard's tail (Saururus cernuus), joe-pye weed 

 (Eupatorium maculatum), Mayaca Aubleti, some cinnamon 

 fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) , and chain fern (Woodwardia are- 

 olata) in abundance. Near the large spring on the edge of the 

 swamp at this place were lady fern (Asplenium Filix-femin-a) , 

 and several plants of the grape fern (Botrychium virginianum) , 

 which were the only specimens of this interesting species that I 

 have found in Hartsville. 



Three of the most attractive and interesting of our swamp 

 plants were not noted in the immediate spot just described, but 

 all three of them are conspicuous in that bit of swamp lying 

 between the dam and the creek crossing at the paper mill. They 

 are wild wistaria (Wistaria frutescens), Walter's smilax or red- 

 berried bamboo (Smilax Walteri) and storax (Styrax ameri- 

 cana). The wistaria is very like the Chinese one that, in two 



