17 



sand hills is scrubby or even bushy, is here a large tree, second 

 only to the black, scarlet, and Spanish oaks. The scarlet oak 

 (Q. coccinea) is a less common, but characteristic member of this 

 community. There is a very large old tree of this species on the 

 lawn of the old Law Place (now the residence of Mr. A. M. 

 McNair). 



Among the smaller trees dogwood is abundant, and pignut 

 hickory (Carya glabra hersuta), persimmon (Diospyros rir- 

 giniana), sassafras, and choke cherry (Prunus serotina) are 

 frequent. There are few shrubs except in open places where 

 sumach {Rhus copalina), red haw (Crataegus uniflora), cowitch 

 (Tecoma radicans), and Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus) are 

 common. The slope of the hill towards the creek supports a fine 

 forest which exhibits well the transition from the dryer to the 

 damper well-drained soil. Its crown is covered with the growth 

 just described, but on the slope there appear a few scattered 

 trees of short-leaf pine and old-field pine, and there is more 

 dogwood (Cornns florida), choke cherry (Prunus serotina), 

 sumach (Rhus copalina), and Jersey tea (Ceanothus americana). 

 There were once a number of chinquapin bushes (Castanea 

 pumila) on this hillside opposite Burnt Bay, but they are now 

 nearly all gone. 



At the foot of the hill behind the residence of Capt. E. W. 

 Cannon there are several acres of well-drained fertile land that 

 slopes gently toward the lake, and supports an untouched forest 

 that exhibits well a slight modification of the conditions just 

 described. In Plate V is shown a photograph of this spot. The 

 old-field pines are very tall and fine and rise far above the hard- 

 wood growth of oak, hickory, etc., with gums and holly near the 

 lake. In the center of the photograph is shown a fine post oak 

 with wide-spreading branches. The lower woody growth is most 

 conspicuous for its very fine dogwood (Cornus florida) and 

 sparkleberry (V actinium arboreum) . The latter is as luxuriant 

 and abundant as I have ever seen it and in places almost forms 

 thickets as shown in Plate VI. It here composes about all the 

 undergrowth and is twelve to fifteen feet high. 



Where the two paper mill roads go down the hill there are 

 scattered specimens of the pretty little dwarf flowering locust 

 (Robinia nana), one of our rarest shrubs. On newly depos- 

 ited soil near gully washes, etc., one may occasionally find 

 catalpa trees (Catalpa bignonioides) and red mulberry (Morus 

 rubra), both probably introduced and not native. The bullace 

 grape (Vitis rotundi folia) and the summer grape (Vitis aesti- 



