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Hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana Walt.). 



This interesting tree is represented in the vicinity of Hartsville 

 by only a single specimen, so far as known. It stands about one 

 hundred feet from the edge of the creek swamp directly behind 

 the residence on the Upper Farm Place. The leaves look much 

 like those of the beech, but are smaller, and the trunk and limbs 

 are ridged with elevations like the horns of a deer. The bark is 

 dark and even, and the wood is exceedingly hard. The tree is 

 often called ironwood. 



River Birch (Betula nigra L.). 



A good-sized tree with reddish brown bark that peels off in 

 sheets on the branches and younger parts of the trunk. The leaves 

 are about three inches long and parallel veined, and their edges 

 are both coarsely notched and finely toothed. The fruit is a 

 small, dry cylindrical catkin made up of numerous scales. This is 

 another of our very rare trees. The only specimens found were 

 near Black Creek directly behind Mr. Jordan's Place. 



Alder (Alnus rugosa (Du Roi) Spreng.). 



A shrub or small tree with obovate roughish leaves that are 

 hairy below. The veins are parallel and the margins are finely 

 toothed. The leaves can be distinguished easily from those of the 

 birch, hornbeam, etc., by their blunt ends. The fruit is a little 

 cone-shaped, woody catkin made up of scales. The staminate 

 catkins are long, slender and drooping, and the fall of their yel- 

 low pollen is the first indication of the approach of spring. The 

 alder is common along water and often makes little thickets. It 

 is rarely ever more than a shrub with us. 



Chinquapin (Castanea pumila (L.) Mill.). 



A shrub or small tree. The leaves are whitish-downy beneath 

 and have conspicuous parallel veins that are tipped with long, 

 pointed teeth. The fruit is a small nut enclosed in a bur. The 

 Chinquapin was always scarce in Hartsville, and now there are 

 very few specimens left. Thirty years ago there were scattered 

 here and there in the woods covering the slope to Black Creek 

 north of town but now they are very scarce. There are a few 

 plants at Laurel Land. 



White Oak {Quercus alba L.). 



A large tree with light bark. The leaves are furnished with 

 regular rounded and rather shallow lobes, and are whitish 

 beneath. The acorns vary more in size than in any of our other 



