59 



Fourth Street near Home Avenue. They were brought from the 

 swamp of the Pee Dee River. 



White Elm (Ulmus americana L.). 



A large tree with oval or obovate leaves that have conspicuous 

 parallel veins and sharp teeth. In Hartsville the flowers gener- 

 ally appear in early March, but may open in February. The 

 fruit is a small, flat two-winged samara which ripens and falls 

 off before the leaves are full grown. The tree is native to most of 

 Eastern North America, but with us it occurs only along the 

 larger rivers. There are a number of fine specimens on Home 

 Avenue that were brought from the Pee Dee swamp. 



Winged Elm {Ulmus alata Michx.). 



A smaller tree than the above, and with smaller and more hairy 

 leaves. The twigs and smaller branches are often winged with 

 corky plates very much as in the sweet gum. The flowers appear 

 a few days earlier than those of the white elm. It is a tree of 

 more southern range than the white elm; not passing above Vir- 

 ginia in the Eastern States. There are good specimens on Home 

 Avenue brought from the Pee Dee. 



Osage Orange {Madura pomif era {Raf.) Schneider). 



A small tree, once much cultivated for hedges and fences, but 

 now less used. The large round fruit is closely related to the 

 famous bread fruit of the tropics, but is unfortunately not 

 edible. The Indians, however, are said to have eaten it roasted. 

 The wood of the osage orange is of a fine orange color, is hard, 

 heavy and durable, and takes a fine polish. It could be used with 

 excellent effect for interior finish and for furniture. In north- 

 eastern Texas there are fine groves of this species where the trees 

 reach a height of 60 feet and a diameter of 2y 2 feet. 



Paper Mulberry (Bronssonetia papyri f era {L.) Vent.). 



A dense and spreading small tree of Asiatic origin, with large, 

 rough leaves and smooth bark. It suckers freely from the roots 

 and is often a nuisance for that reason. The two sorts of flowers 

 are borne on different trees and as nearly all the trees in the 

 country are staminate the fruit is rarely seen. The only fruiting 

 trees I know of in South Carolina are on the estate of Mr. W. G. 

 Hinson, on James Island. 



