OF BUDS. 53 
The scales are modified leaves then, but it is not always the same 
part of the leaf which constitutes them. Nature employs divers 
processes for transforming a leaf into a scale. Again, between 
the scales of a bud and the leaf which they enclose, we frequently 
find a series of intermediate forms which throw considerable light 
on the metamorphoses of which the leaf is the seat when it passes 
4 
Fig. 6 dual 
ig. 02. 
po ¢ the Corrant (Ries) 
into scales and leaves. 
insensibly from one state to the other. Fig. 62, 
which represents the Currant leaf (Rides) gradually 
passing from the leaf to the scaly state, shows suffi- 
ciently the transition from the one organ to the. 
other, to render any further detail unnecessary. 
e leaves are not always disposed in the same © 
manner upon the bud, whether we consider 
them in their isolated state, or in the position they » 
occupy in reference to the others. The mode of 
foliation sometimes becomes a characteristic very 
useful to the forester when he wishes to acquaint 
himself with the constitution of the trees during 
winter. 
Let us consider each leaf independent of the 
others, and behold the different situations that the 
leaf may assume towards the interior of the bud. It may be folded 
up transversely in such a manner that the upper part rests over 
the lower, as in the Tulip-tree (Lwriodendron tulipifera), Fig. 64. 
It may fold in its length in such a manner that one half of the 
leaf may lie over the other half, as in the Almond-tree 
(Amygdalis sinensis), Fig. 65. It may be folded several times 
in fan-shape, as in the graceful Birch-tree (Fig. 63) ; rolled round 
Fig. 63.—Bud of 
the Birch, 
