THE FLOWER. 133 
from diya and reuvw, “by pairs I divide.” In some cases three 
whorled bracts develop axes from their axils, when the cyme is 
said to be trichotomous, divided by threes. 
e inflorescence of the Forget-me-not (Myosoti), and the 
Heliotrope, also form cymes. As in these plants the multiplying 
axis of inflorescence often tends to form a curling inflorescence, 
very unfitly compared to the tail of a scorpion, the cyme of the 
Forget-me-not and Heliotrope are said in consequence to be 
scorpiodal (Fig. 155). 
In the Horse Chesnut, the principal axis bears an indeterminate 
number of small scorpioidal cymes. This is an inflorescence mixed 
up of the two principal forms we have already pointed out, and is 
a cluster of scorpioidal cymes. 
When a succulent spike is enclosed within a spathe, it is said to 
be spadix, from oradié, a palm branch with its fruit. In this case 
the axis is usually elongated beyond the flowers in the form of 
a club-shaped cellular organ, as in the Cuckoo-pint (Arum 
maculatum), Fig. 156, or the axis only bears flowers at its base, 
which is here enclosed by the spathe. 
The general name of involucre is given to a more or less con- 
siderable collection of bracts, disposed in whorls (verticils) in either 
one or several ranks, which surround and seem to protect the 
flowers (the capitulum of composite flowers), yet in the natural 
group of Arums, the involucre is monophyllous, and is called a 
Spathe. It envelopes the inflorescence before the blowing of the 
flowers. We show in Fig. 156 the spathe of the Arum maculatum. 
We should exhaust the attention of the reader were we to enlarge 
more on inflorescence, a subject which we have only glanced at, 
but which has been the object of profound study on the part of 
botanists. We now come to the consideration of the constituting 
parts of the flower. 
Tue Catryx. 
The calyx, cadvé, “the cup which holds the flower,” is the 
external envelope of the flower. It has neither the elegant shape 
nor the varied colours of the corolla, usually appearing as a little 
8reen cup, on which the corolla rests. On account of its appear- 
