142 THE VEGETABLE WORLD. 
up. This form of corolla, said to be /adiate, characterises a very 
important group of the vegetable kingdom. 
_In the Snap-dragon (Fig. 184) the mouth of the labiate corolla, 
instead of being wide open, is closed by a swelling of the 
upper lip. 
_ “Among the irregular monopetalous plants,” says Jean Jacques 
Rousseau, “ there is a family whose appearance is so marked, that 
we can easily distinguish its members by their look. It is that to 
which we give the name of gaping plants, because their flowers are 
divided by two lips, the opening of which, whether natural or pro- 
duced by a slight pressure of the fingers, gives them the look of a 
gaping mouth. This family is subdivided into two sections or 
races, one with flowers having lips, or Jabiate, the other with 
flowers in a mask, or personate, for the Latin word persone signifies 
a mask—a very fit name, assuredly, for most of those whom we 
call persons.” 
In the Endive, or the Dandelion (Fig. 185), the corolla, cylin- 
drical at its lower part, is bent on one side, and displays a little 
flat tongue, terminating in several small teeth. This form © 
corolla is said to be ligulated, and belongs to a considerable 
number of plants composing the largest natural group in all the — 
vegetable kingdom, that of the Compositee. 
In regular polypetalous corollas, Tournefort distinguished three 
principal forms, which we meet with in a great number of flower’, 
in general those of the same family. 
2 Cruciform corollas have four petals ar- 
=) ranged in a cross, and generally provided 
with a claw—the characteristic peculiar to 
plants of the group of Cruciferee. Fig. 186 
represents the cruciform corolla of the Mustard 
Plant. Caryophyllaceous corollas have five _ 
petals, with a very long claw, hidden by the 
calyx. No. 187 represents a corolla of this 
kind, that of the Pink. The rosaceous ©0- 
rollas have five petals without /oohs, and 
open, arranged as in the Common Rose. (Fig. 188.) 
Tournefort also classed all the modifications of the irregular, 
polypetalous corolla, under two names: these were papilionaceous 
te 
Fig. 186.—Cruciform corolla of 
Mustard. 
