CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 197 
7 The Lilies, the Elder, and the Catalpa of India belong to the 
__ AMonopetalous division; the Apple, the Pear, and the Cherry to 
the Rosacee ; the Acacia, the Laburnum, to the Papilionacee. 
| he herbaceous flowering plants without corolla are subdivided 
into three classes: (1) plants provided with stamens ; (2) flowerless 
_ plants provided with seeds; (3) plants in which the flowers and 
_ fruits are not apparent. Wheat, Barley, and Rice belong to 
apetalous herbaceous plants, with stamens ; the Ferns and Lichens 
to flowerless apetalous herbaceous plants, provided with fruits; and 
the Mosses and Mushrooms to apetalous herbaceous plants without 
flowers and having no apparent fruit. 
Tournefort formed fourteen classes of flowering herbaceous plants 
provided with a corolla. The first twelve classes include the herba- 
ceous plants with isolated and distinct flowers; the three others 
include the flowering herbs, which constitute the compositee, 
namely, the Floscular, or flowers with funnel-shaped petals; the 
semi-floscular and the radiating plants, such as the Sunflower and 
the Daisies. 
The following is a tabular arrangement of simple-flowering her- 
baceous plants, according to the grouping of Tournefort :— 
SE Sgt otis Ratio, 5 than 
: Campaniform . . . . Campanula. 
Bibtlee st ( Regular Infundibuliform . . . Tobacco. 
pealous 4 I Personate or masked . . Snap Dragon. 
| Irregular abi Gg. eae 
Cruciform . . . . . Stock Gilliflower. 
pie one Rose. 
Regular Umbelliferous . . . . Angelica. 
po ocenions Caryophyllus . . . . Pink. 
ou litmtos silly. 
Papilionaceous. . . . Pea. 
Irregular | geemiiets: <a ie Ve 
In addition, Tournefort has subdivided each class into sections, 
- More or less considerable, based upon its composition, upon the 
consistence of its fruit, and upon some particular modifications 
of the form of the corolla. 
Such is the first known system for the classification of plants. 
This scientific conception met with great favour among his con- 
poraries on account of its simplicity. Nevertheless, in its appli- 
cation this system presented many difficulties. The form of the 
corolla is not always so exactly appreciable that the class to which 
the plant belongs can be settled from that character alone. But the 
