202 THE VEGETABLE WORLD. 
Plants with hermaphrodite flowers have the stamens and the 
pistils borne the one upon the other, as in the Orchidacee and 
Aristolochia ; they form the twentieth, or Gynandrous class. Some- 
times the organs are non-adherent between them, in which case 
the stamens are free. Sometimes they are adherent. When they 
are free, they are either equal among themselves or unequal. 
the stamens are equal, their number determines the first 
twelve classes in the system. The twelfth and the thirteenth 
classes are founded upon the number of the stamens and their 
mode of insertion. The following are the classes :— 
Linn2%AN CLASSIFICATION 
One Stamen in each flower 1st class. Monanpria incurs Cannz). 
Two Stamens . nd class. Dianpria (Jasmin, Lilac). 
Three Stamens. . . . . 8rdclass. Trranpra (Wheat, Barley, Iris). 
Four Stamens. . . . . 4thclass. Tsrranprra (Madder root, Joint Grass). 
Five Stamens. . . . . Sthelass. Prnranpria (Borage, Hemloc 
ix Stamens ie 6th class. Herxanpria (Lily of the Mert Lily) 
Seven Stamens . . . . 7thclass. Heptanprra (Horse Chesn 
Hight Stamens . . . . 8thclass. Ocranpria (Heaths) 
Nine Stamens. . . . . 9th class. Enneanprtia (Laurel). 
Ten Stamens . - 10th class. Dgeanpria (Pink, Lychnis). 
Bisventy Ninetoel Geass llth class. Dopzcanpria (Purple Willow). 
sions ar) SGatys ¢ 12th class. Tcosannnra (Myrtle, Rose. 
eiAnk ~ Norhece 2 13th class. Ponyanprra (Anemone, Poppy); 
Linnzus founded two other classes upon the inequality of their 
free stamens, the Didynamia (fourteenth class), which com- 
prises Thyme, Lavender, Foxglove, and Figwort, plants having 
four stamens, of which two are short and two long. The Tetra- 
dynamia, which comprises the Gilliflower, Cress, and Cabbage, 
have six stamens, of which four are larger than the others. 
When the stamens are adherent, the adhiscence has place either at 
their anthers or filaments. Plants which adhere to the anthers, 
such as the Corn-centaury, Dandelion, and Ox-eye, belong to 
the nineteenth class (Syngenesia). Those which unite to the 
aments form three classes, the Monadelphia (sixteenth), in 
which all the filaments are united in one body, as in 
vere the d erensres (seventeenth), in which the filaments 
0 bodies, as in the Pea and the Bean; the 
Pola (cightoonth), in which the filaments are united ™ 
bodies, as in the Orange. 
