208 THE VEGETABLE WORLD. 
Marshal Duke de Noailles cultivated exotic trees and shrubs, 
formed the design of creating a School of Botany at Trianon. 
By the advice of Lemonnier, chief physician to the Child of France, 
afterwards King, he selected Bernard de Jussieu to arrange the 
rdens. Thus forced to adopt some mode of classification, he 
thought it his duty to substitute his new method. This method 
consisted in having a tableau raisonné on which the plants were 
arranged in a conyenient order for studying them. Science 
confined to such narrow limits is, however, very fictitious, and 
remote from a natural system, which consists in the knowledge 
of the true connection of plants and their organisation. “ When 
a man has so combined the characteristics of plants,” says Laurent 
de Jussieu, “that he can in one species unknown determine the 
existence of many by the presence of a single character ; when he 
can at once point to the order to which it belongs; when he has 
succeeded in destroying the prejudice so withering to Botany, that 
it is only a science of memory and nomenclature ; when he has, 
in short, founded a science of combinations which furnish food to 
the mind and to. the imagination, that man may surely be called 
the creator, or at least the restorer, of science.” 
“Others may perhaps have extended the limits, but he was the 
first to show the way, to trace the method, establish the principles. 
Jussieu consigned his discoveries to no book, but in the Gardens 
of Trianon the mind of the author is recognised. In examining 
the characters, he remarked that some were more general than 
others, and these furnished the first division. Having appreciat 
and appropriated these, he next recognised that the germination 
of the seed and the respective disposition of the sexual organs ware 
the two principal and most persistent characteristics. He adopted 
them, and made them the basis of the arrangement which he 
established at Trianon in 1759.” 
Four years later, another French botanist, Michel Adanson, * : 
naturalist, remarkable for the originality of his views and the 
extent of his conceptions, published quite a book upon the families 
of plants. He proposed a particular course for arriving pe 
true natural method. But what was that course? He pro 
classing all the plants known according to a great number 
artificial systems, and after considering them from all 
possible : : 
