242 THE VEGETABLE WORLD. 
matter condenses into little bodies forming a greyish mass, sprinkled 
with orange or reddish spots. These corpuscles are the anthe- 
rozoids, which are so packed that neither form nor structure can “ 
be recognised. The antherids of Fucus, Ozothallia, Pelvetia, 
and Himanthalia have a double envelope ; that is, the sac in which 
they are contained is itself closed by another of the same descrip- 
tion, which remains fixed to the hair on which it was produced, 
while the inner one is expelled through its summit and falls mto 
the conceptacle, whence it glides as far as the mouth. The anthe- 
rozoids which fill it soon become violently agitated ; the sac opens 
at one or both ends, through which they force their way ito the 
stamen and disperse. In Halidrys, Pyenophycus, and Cystoseira, 
the second envelope is absent, the mere sac only is found attached 
to the jointed hairs, and the antherozoids are expelled directly and 
in a mass, remaining fora time in ceaseless struggling, and turning 
upon one another before dispersing in the liquid, where they move 
with great vivacity. Their locomotive organs consist of two cilia, 
greatly attenuated, the shorter of which appears to be inserted at 
the smallest extremity of the body, which is always in advance 
during its progress. The second cil is drawn behind the cor- 
puscle. 
In what some botanists designate the female conceptacle of Fucus 
vesiculosus (Fig. 317), certain membraneous sacs, more OF Jess 
spherical or ovoid, are found, enclosing a rounded opaque mass, of a 
greyish brown, divided into eight parts. These sacs or sporanges 87 
borne upon a short peduncle, and surrounded by articulated a? 
ments. When the sporange opens, as the antherozoid does a? 
a given monrent, the mass which it contains is set at liberty, i 
preserving its original form, so long as the inner sac is suffice ge 
strong to restrain it. But matters do not remain long 1? © : 
state ; the spores isolate themselves more and more in the mem 
braneous envelope which confines them, and finally they i 
free. They are then perfectly round, of an olive yellow, 2” 
absolutely destitute of skin. : 
M. Thuret, to whom we are indebted for some excellent _— 
vations on the structure of these vegetables, has established pees 
experiments what becomes of the spores when disengaged 
their envelope. “If the male fronds, which are easily recogms® 
