“ROSALES. 443 
baceous plants, shrubs, and great trees, extremely variable in 
appearance. Their most common feature is to have what are 
called papilionaceous flowers, which are readily recognisable, and 
leguminous fruit ; although these characters do not always exist 
throughout the order, in some cases a kind of drupe taking its 
place, while the Mimosezx have regular flowers, and indefinite hypo- 
gynous stamens.- The nominal fruit of the Leguminaceex, however, 
may be considered a Legume, namely, 4 dry simple carpel, with a 
suture along both its margins, which opens at maturity by the 
line of suture into two valves. 
This vast assemblage of plants useful to man, has been sub- 
divided into groups which we shall abbreviate in order to give a 
comprehensive view of the whole. 
Tripe I. Papatyriem.—Corolla papilionaceous; stamens ten ; 
pod free, two-valved. Almost all natives of Australia, with the 
exception of Baptista tinctoria, the Wild Indigo, a bush of 
the United States of America, three feet high, which yields a 
20 blue colouring matter, resembling Indigo of an inferior 
ind, 
Trive II. Lorrx.—Corolla papilionaceous; stamens ten, in 
one or two bundles; pod two-valved, continuous, one-celled ; 
rarely two-celled, from the suture being bent inwards. The Lotex 
are rich in fibre ; Madras Hemp, the brown Hemp of India, being 
the produce of Crotolaria juncea. Some of the Lupines so exten- 
Sively cultivated by the Romans belong to this tribe; as do also the 
beautiful yellow-flowering Gorse, Furze, or Whin, the Ulea Euro- 
peus, of which Linneus preserved a plant in his greenhouse at 
Upsal. The Spanish Broom (Spartium junceum) yields a delicate 
fibre from which a fine linen cloth is made. The common yellow- 
flowered Broom (Cytisus scoparius), and the graceful Laburnum 
(C. Laburnum), all belong to one section of the tribe; while the 
Lucern (Medicago sativa), the Trefoil (M. upulina), the Mililotus, 
and the Clovers, (Trifolium), all so valuable in agriculture, form 
another section; and the Indigo plant (Indigofera tinctoria) ; the 
 Sommon Liquorice (Glycyrhiza glabra), the ornamental Bastard 
Acacia or Locust-tree (Robinia pseud-acacia), and the Astragalus, 
: from Which the Gum Tragacanth of commerce is obtained, form a 
third and fourth section of the same tribe. 
