_ ROSALS. ; 453 
The Apple blossom has a calyx with five lobes; a corolla with 
five nearly orbicular spreading petals; and a large number of 
stamens. The ovary is inferior, and generally presents five cells, 
with two collateral ascending and anatropal ovules ; it has five free 
styles slightly coherent at their base. 
In the Pear (Pyrus communis) the fruit is nearly conical, not imbri- 
cated at its base ; the flesh is sweet, and towards the heart presents 
stony grains. In the Apple (P. ma/us) the fruit is generally globular, 
always imbricate at the base, and not growing any thinner towards 
the peduncle; the endocarp is coriaceous and cartilaginous like 
that of the pear; the flesh is acid, and never stony. The Common 
Apple grows spontaneously in all European forests. Its rotund 
eyme is broader than it is high; its leaves are dentate, sharp- 
pointed ovals, more or less cottonous on their lower face ; its 
large red or white flowers forma kind of cluster at the summit 
of the young branches. The Apple-tree is much modified by 
cultivation. From it we have the Pippins, Russets, Codlings, 
and many others. Malus acerba, a species nearly allied to the 
preceding, is commonly known under the name of the Cyder Apple ; 
it is very common in forests; its culture takes the place of that of 
the vine in many parts of Brittany, Normandy, and Picardy. 
__ The Common Pear grows naturally in many forests of Europe ; 
it is a tree with knotty branches, which attains from ten to twenty 
feet in height; its leaves, borne upon long petioles, are dentated 
_ ovals, without hairs. The flowers are white, and disposed in 
Corymbes. From the wild state, the fruit, like that of the Apple, 
is ameliorated and much varied by culture ; from it we have the 
Butter-pears, Doyeunes, Bergamots, Saint Germain, Increvert, 
- Bon Chretien, Messire Jean, and hundreds of other varieties. 
the same group as the Pyrus tribe, that is to say, in the tribe 
 Pomacee, is the Medlar (Mespilus germanica), the inferior ovary of 
_ Which (like that of all the other genera we have mentioned) has 
o five biovulate cells, with straight anatropal and colateral ovules, 
_ 4nd the fruit is crowned by five calycinal thongs, enclosing five 
bony shells. The genus Cydonia, or Quince, the five ovarious cells 
S of which enclose several ascending ovules, and the fruit of which 
_ Possesses a characteristic odour, and an acrid flavour; the genus 
Be: us, or Hawthorn; the Medlar of Japan (Eriobotrya Japo- 
