ROSALS. ' 455 
in the times of the Crusades. The Rose with a hundred leaves 
(Rosa centifolia), whose admirable flowers are the ornament of 
our gardens, came originally from the Caucasus. The Damask Rose 
(Rosa Damascus) is called also the Rose of Four Seasons, and still 
preserves some stamens not changed into petals, the odour of which 
Fig. 420.—Branch of the Red Rose (Rosa gallica). 
is very sweet, and which is used in the preparation of rose- 
_ Water. From the Musk Rose (itosa moschata), like the two 
Preceding species, a volatile oil is extracted, called Essence of 
awn. &o. 
‘Teme oF BRAMBLES. File (Rubus) (Fig. 421), like the 
oc » have five sepals, five petals, and numerous stamens and. 
. Pistils but in this case the receptacle, instead of being hollowed 
out in the shape of a pte rises like a disc or cone, and upon 
