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CAMPANALS. 485 
the islands of the Indian Ocean. The VALERIANACE# are natives 
of temperate climates ; generally strongly-scented aromatic plants 
The Dipsacacrm include the Teazel (Dipsacus) used by fullers. 
The Composirm, or AstrRACE®, includes an immense number of 
herbaceous and shrubby plants, sometimes of small trees, amount- 
ing to nine thousand species, which botanists divide into Sub-orders, 
Tribes, and Sub-tribes. 
The flowers of this family have an arrangement quite charac- 
teristic. They are all disposed on a head or disc, so as to have the 
b c 
Fig. 437.—Disc, section, and detached flowers of the Daisy. 
appearance of being a single flower, though they are really a 
union of many flowers; hence the name of Composirm, which has 
been given to them. This arrangement is easily understood if — 
Wwe examine the representation of the capitulum as it appears in 
the Common Daisy (Flora Marguerita) or Bellis perennis, of which 
we give in Fig. 437 the whole of the capitulum in @; a section — 
of the head is seen at 4; finally, the isolated flowers of the 
_ Centre, and the circumference of the same capitulum are repre- 
_ Sented in¢ andd. The flowers of the same capitulum may be 
ee al of ai same description, namely, hermaphrodite, stamened, 
