CAMPANALS. 487 
three grand series. First, Liguliflore, or Cichoracee, which have 
a ligulated corolla, and answer to the Semifloscules of Tournefort. 
Pappus crown-shaped or chaffy in Scholymide ; seed-nuts without 
pappus in Lampanide. Either crown-like or with entire chaffy 
scales in Haseride ; with narrow, semi-lanceolate, often pinnate 
scales in Hypocheride. Naked receptacle and scaly pappus in 
Scorzoneridee. Receptacle naked or chaffy ; pappus hairy, silvery, 
and fugaceous in Lactricide.  Ulairy, rigid, and fragile in 
Meracide. Secondly, the Labiateflore, the irregular corollas of 
which are divided into two lips. Thirdly, the Tudiliflore, the 
capitulums of which are entirely formed of florets, or provided 
at the circumference with semi-florets, and which answer to the 
Floscules and Radiates of Tournefort. 
The Liguliflore, or Cichoraceze, possess a milky juice, contained 
Fig. 438.—Chicory. Fig. 439,—Isolated Flower of Chicory. — DN 
in a system of lactiferous vessels, which have bitter, resinous, 
narcotic principles. The properties and virtues of these species 
_ Vary according to the relative proportion of these, and according — 
_ to the age of the eres and the SS of their different 
_ Organs. | 
