506 shes VEGETABLE WORLD. — + 
cha gS an ne shrubs, rarely herbaceous, sometimes sinbing pans ; 
leaves ate, without stipules, but with foot-stalks ening at 
base and | sheathing flowers h erm aphr ‘0 lite 3 calyx adh erent ages 
with fi 
he CCXCVII, Araliacee. 
ber, Fechita ives fatle: and satan with them on tl y; fruit a 
berry. 
or alternate ; flowers sconppr gebagei occasionally ual by abor. 
tion: capitate, umbellate, o corymbs ; "ealye paheret: corolla CCXCVIII. Cornacee. 
with four petals ; stamens seul in number oa bay ues “ae with them, 
inserted in the orifice of the calyx; fru 
Shrubs or small trees, with alternate a 7 sia aves and stipules, 
both gr yaaa flowers small, herinaphrodite, unisexual by abortion: 
calyx adherent to the ovary: pa rei he ee inserted in and 
alternating ah the lies of the calyx; sta’ eight, four of which, 
pees aged with the petals, are fertile ; four’ Gomeks to them without 
Trees or shrubs, sorake herbaceous; seanen opposite, rely simple |x 
CCXCIX. Hamamelidacee. 
iethtan heath-like shrubs, with small, alternate entire leaves, : 
witha stipules ; flowers small, hermaphrodi te, capitate, panicled, or ; 
terminal ; calyx adherent to the ovary, nearly ‘tr ee 5 corolla with five CCC, Brunoniacee. 
imbricate petals ; stamens five, alternate with the petals, Lnerinesy in 
the throat of the ovary. 
This important group of exogens, which is familiarly represented 
by the Hemlocks, Wild Celery, Parsleys, and Fennels, rises into 
importance when we come to consider the singular forms which 
the order assumes in the Astrantia, Eryngium, and Leucolena, 
where, instead of the hollow, fistular, and reeded stem of the 
Hemlock, they become solid, branching bushes, with panicled 
flowers, and the inconspicuous involucre of Znanthe becomes great 
white three-lobed plates surrounding the flower in Leuco 
rotundifolia. 
The arrangement of the Umbelliferze has received great atten- 
tion from botanists, and De Candolle has published a Memoir 
which is generally received as a satisfactory solution ; the develop- 
ment of the ribs of the fruit, the presence or absence of reservoirs 
of oil, called Vitte, and the form of the albumen being the leading 
features of his arrangement. “It must be obvious, however, be 
every botanist,” says Dr. Lindley, “that the genera and tribes 
are alike unsatisfactory, and that the arrangement of Umbellifers 
upon sound principles still remains to be achieved.” : 
The following is a brief view of the mesaiese proposed by 
De Candolle :— 
SuB-ORDER I. ORTHASPERM£ me 
Albumen flattish in the interior ; umbels simple ; fruit wi out vitte. 
rnit ine ga avis with five primary ribs; pet 
TR I. TYLES. F 
entire ; including 4g Pte Leucolenas, Bowlesias, and Azorella, of warmer climates, _ 
White Rot or Pennywort — vuiguris) of our own marshes. 
sh 
_ stacks, which thet stat experiencile eye might doubt, so pBraaey are they at variance with t 
ge umbels, The Mulinew chiefly belong to the southern hemisphere, having 90 
representative, 
