20 PINAOEAE. 



to 500 feel from the beach. It extends northward along the slopes to Green- 

 oaks Ck. with narrow bodies following Finney, Aiio Nuevo and other creeks 

 down to ilif vicinity of the sea. Southward it descends nearly to the floor of 

 the canon-valley of Waddell Creek, reappears on the opposite wall, follows the 



ocean ridge for about 2 miles and, crossing the ridge to the east slope, descends 

 about half-way to Scott Creek. On this eastern slope the trees are associated 

 with Redwood and Madrofia. In no other colony is Monterey Pine associated 

 with Redwood. At Monterey Pinus radiata forms a dense growth from Mon- 

 terey town and Pt. Pinos to the Carmel River and south along the coast in 

 sea tt oiing clumps as far as Malpaso Ck. (Jepson, Trees Cal., 76). At Cam- 

 bria there arc small bodies on the hills back of the village, but none, so far as 

 known, at San Simeon Bay, which is commonly quoted as a station. 



7. P. muricata Don. Bishop Pine. Tree 40 to 80 ft. high, 1 to 3 ft. in 

 trunk diameter; bark dark, roughly fissured longitudinally; needles in 2s, 4 to 

 6 in. long; cones broadly ovate, 2 to 3 in. long, almost as thick, or when open 

 more or less globose, borne on the shoot in circles of 3, 4 or 5, gradually turned 

 downward, developed more strongly on the outside towards the base ami in 

 consequence always one-sided; scale-tips rhomboidal, bearing a central prickle 

 with a broad base, or the highly developed scales towards the base on the out- 

 side standing out as very stout straightish or upwardly curving spurs; seeds 

 black, sometimes mottled, the thin shell minutely roughened, 2i/> to 3 lines long; 

 wing broadest above the middle, oblique at summit, 5 to 8 lines long, 2 1 L > to 

 3 1 /i> lines broad; cotyledons 4 to 7. 



Low, swampy hills or flats or rocky slopes, always near the sea: Mendocino 

 and Sonoma coasts; Pt. Eeyes Peninsula; Monterey; San Luis Obispo, directly 

 west neai- the ocean along Coon Ck. (I. J. Condit.) 



P. CONTORTA Dougl., Beach Pine, occurs on the Mendocino Coast from Pt. 

 Arena northward, as a low tree, 10 to 20 ft. high; bark dark, thick, roughly 

 fissured. It may be readily distinguished from P. muricata by its shorter leaves 

 (1 to iy 2 i Q - l° n g> but also in pairs), and its much narrower cones of about the 

 same length. P. murrayana Balf. is the Tamrae Pine, or Two leaf Pine, of 

 the high Sierra Nevada; bark light gray, remarkably thin (V4 in. thick). It 

 is called P. contorta var. rnwrrayana Engelm. by many botanists. 



2. PSEUDOTSUGA Carr. 

 Large trees with flat short-petioled leaves spreading around the stem or on 

 horizontal branches often somewhat 2-ranked. Staminate catkins axillary, the 

 pollen-sacs tipped with a spur and opening obliquely. Ovulate catkins erect, 

 terminal or axillary. Cones pendent, maturing in the first autumn, borne all 

 over crown; scales thin, rounded, shorter than the slender acutely 2-lobed bracts 

 Which bear a s|>e;ir like point in the notch. Seeds without resin vesicles; cotyle- 

 dons 5 to 12. — In botanical relationship it stands in an intermediate position 

 among the S|. races. Hemlocks and Firs. Its peculiar cone bracts, signally 

 differenl from those of any other conifer, mid the obliquely dehiscing pollen sacs 



are the chief marks of the distinctive genus I'seudotsuga. (Greek pseudos, 



false, and Japanese tsuga, hemlock.) 

 1. P. taxif olia Britt. Douglas Fir. Douglas Spruce. MEagnificenl forest tree, 



70 1" -~>0 ft. high, the trunk 1 to 8 ft. in diameter; I »;nk on old t rees very thick, 



sofl and puttj like, broken into broad, heavy furrows; branchlets with the 

 Leaves spreading all around the stem or on horizontal branchlets turned more 



- to right and left but not in truly tlat sprays; leaves linear, blunt at apex, 

 ll.it with a median groov* above and a ridge below, green, with two pale longi- 



