12 KEY TO FAMILIES. 



Of the same cumber as the sepals or petals Crassulaceak. p. L94. 



Pistils more <>r less united around a central axis, separating when ripe as 

 l -seeded carpels; petals 5. 

 Stipules Bcarious; at least the lower Leaves opposite; carpels separating 

 elastically from an elongated beak or axis and tailed by the persistent 



Coiled or Twisted styles (tERANIACEAE, p. 241. 



Stipules none; carpels suhglohose, rugose, separating from a very short axis, 



not tailed; leaves alternate Limnanthaceae, p. 243. 



Pistil 1. the styles or stigmas sometimes more than one. 



Flower cruciferous, i. e., with 4 sepals, 4 petals, (! stamens (4 long and 2 

 short, rarely 4 or 2) ; ovary 2-cellod, becoming in fruit a silique or 

 silicic CRUCIFERAE, ]». 170. 



Rowers not cruciferpus. 



Corolla irregular; petals 5, one with a spur; sepals ',, auricled; stamens 



5; fruit a L-celled capsule Violaceae, p. 265. 



Corolla regular. 

 Ovary l-celled. 



Anthers opening by uplifted valves; petals 6, in whorls of .'! ; stamens 



(5; fruit a berry or capsule Berberidaceae, p. L72. 



Anthers opening by longitudinal slits; herbs. 



Fruit a capsule opening from the apex by valves or teeth; petals 

 5 or 4. 

 Calyx tubular or of ."> (or 4) distinct sepals; stamens 3 to 10, 

 commonly 5 or 10; capsule 3 to 10-valved or -toothed; pla- 

 centae central; styles 2 to 5 Caryophyllaceae, p. 150. 



Calyx of 2 distinct sepals; stamens 5 (or 3 to many); capsule 

 3-valved; placentae central or basal; styles 2 to 8 



PORTULACACEAE. ]). L58. 

 Calyx tubular; stamens 4 to 7; capsule 2 to 4-valved ; placentae 



parietal ; style 3-cleft Frankeniaceae, p. 2(54. 



Fruit Lndehiscent; styles, sepals, petals and stamens 5 



Plumba(;ixaceae, p. 318. 

 Ovary more than l-celled. 



Anthers opening by pores at the summit ; sepals and petals 5 or 4, 



the stamens as many or twice as many; capsule 5-celled 



Ericaceae, p. 308. 

 Anthers opening by longitudinal slits. 



Saprophyte, in forests Pleuricospora. p. 310. 



Herbs, not saprophytic. 

 Leaves alternate or basal. 



Sepals -1; petals I; stamens (! ; ovary raised on a stipe; leaves 



:; foliolate '. . . Capparidaceae, p. L94. 



Sepals 5; petals o ; stamens 5j ovary sessile; leaves simple. 



LlNACEAE, p. 239. 

 Leaves opposite ; annuals. 



Calyx of '1 distinct sepals; (lowers 12 to o-merous ; fruit a _ to 



5-celled capsule Elatinaceae, p. 263. 



Calya tubular; stamens LO and petals ."). the latter clawed; 

 frui i an imperfectly .".celled capsule 



Sii.knk OALLICA, p. 152. 



Shrub; fruit a simple samara; stamens l! ; petals '1\ leaves opposite, 

 pinnate PRAXINUS, p. 319. 



