90 JUNCACEAE. 



sarv. (Classical aame for the Eush, perhaps from Latin jungo, to join, the 

 stems used tor binding.) 



Annuals; roots fibrous. 



Leaves cauline; stems branched; flowers cymosely arranged in twos or threes and 



secund; testa finely striate and cross-lined 1. 7. bufonius. 



Leaves radical; stems scapiform; flowers solitary, terminal; testa reticulate 



2. 7. uncialis. 

 Perennials; rhizomes mostly stout and creeping. 



Leaves terete or wanting; panicle lateral, sessile. 

 Stamens 6. 



Perianth 2J^ to 3 lines long; anthers 1 line long; capsule oblong-ovate, acute. 



3. 7. leseurii. 

 Perianth \y 2 lines long; anthers Y 2 line long; capsule sub-globose, slightly angled, 



obtuse, apiculate 4. 7. patens. 



Stamens 3. 



Perianth 1 line long; anthers y 2 line long; capsule clavate-obovate, obtuse or 



retuse 5. 7. effusns. 



Leaves flat, channeled; panicle terminal. 



St t-ms terete; leaves not equitant nor transversely ribbed. 



Rootstocks tufted; stems naked above, leafy at base; leaves less than y 2 line 



wide; flowers solitary in a diffuse or rarely compact panicle 6. 7. tenuis. 



Rootstocks creeping; stems leafy throughout; leaves iy 2 lines wide; flowers clus- 

 tered 7. 7. falcatus. 



Stems ancipitally compressed; leaves equitant, transversely ribbed by internal septa. 

 Leaves 2 to 4 lines wide; stems more or less winged below the nodes; seeds 



reticulate 8. 7. xiphioides. 



Leaves H to 1 line wide; stems not winged; seeds with the longitudinal lines 

 closely crossed by prominent fine transverse ridges 9. 7. phaeocephahts. 



1. J. bufonius L. Toad Eush. Annual; roots fibrous; stems 1 to 12 in. 

 high, terete, branching from the base, leafy; leaves narrow; inflorescence a 

 dichotomous cyme; flowers solitary and remote, to closely secund or even sub- 

 capitate; perianth lobes 3 lines long, long acuminate, greenish with white 

 scarious margins. 



One of the commonest species, exceedingly variable in size and aspect: Ag- 

 news; Marin Co.; Solano Co.; Napa Valley; Sonoma Co.; Berkeley; Stege. 

 May-Sept. 



2. J. uncialis Greene. Dwarf Eush. Depauperate annual ^ to 1 in. 

 high; leaves short, radical; stems scapiform, strictly 1-flowered; perianth-seg- 

 ments \y 2 to 2 lines long, acute, hyaline, with a prominent mid-nerve; capsule 

 obtuse, apiculate, equaling the perianth; testa reticulate. 



Type locality: "low moist places in fields near Suisun, California, May, 

 1890," Greene. 



3. J. leseurii Boland. Salt Eush. Perennial; rootstock stoutish, creep- 

 ing and widely spreading; stems 1 to 3 ft. high, stout, erect, terete, leafless; 

 panicle lateral, lax, many -flowered; flowers often somewhat secund; perianth 

 2 to 3 lines long; stamens 6; anthers 1 line long; capsule oblong-ovate, acute. 



Salt-marshes and alkali soils, not uncommon. June. 



4. J. patens Mey. Common Eush. Perennial, forming dense clumps; 

 rootstock creeping; steins slender, densely tufted, l 1 /^ to 2% ft. high, erect, 

 terete, leafless; panicle lateral, lax, many-flowered; perianth iy> lines long; 

 stamens (i; anthers */> line long; capsule sub-globose, slightly angled, obtuse, 

 apiculate. 



A \( iv common species in marshy or springy ground: San Francisco; Oak- 

 land Hills; Suisun Marshes; Mill Valley. .June-July. 



5. J. effusus L. var. brunneus Engelm. Bog Eush. Perennial, forming 

 dense clumps; rootstoch creeping; stems stout, tufted, i'._. to ."• ft. high, erect, 

 terete, leafless; panicle lateral, compact, many-flowered; perianth dark brown, 



