LILY FAMILY. 93 



S i with the numerous sedge-like leaves mostly radical, tliose above reduced. 



Rowers in a dense raceme: filaments glabrous; styles 3, distinct. .. 14. Xekophyixcsc. 



Flowers in loose racemes; filaments densely woolly; style one, undivided 



15. Nasthecium. 

 Stem bearing at summit a whorl of 3 broad netted-veined leaves and a single large 



flower: stamens 6 16. Trillium. 



Stamens 3. opposite the sepals: acaulescent: leaves 2 17. Scoliopus. 



B. Fruit a berry- ; plants with rootstocks. 

 Leaves broad. 



Stem very short, the leaves arising from near the surface of the ground; flowers red, 



in umbels, raised on a peduncle 18. Clintonia. 



Stem simple, leafy: flowers very small, white. 



Raceme short, simple, terminal; perianth-segments and stamens 4, leaves 1 to 3, 



cordate, petioled 19. Maianthemum. 



Raceme simple or compound, terminal, composed of many small flowers; leaves several 



to many, sessile 20. Smilacina. 



Stem branching; flowers axillary at the ends of the leafy branches. .. .21. Disporum. 



Leaves reduced to scales; branehlets filiform, clustered in the axils; bushy-branching 



plant 22. Asparagus. 



1. FRITILLARIA L. 



Stems erect, simple, from a bulb of thick fleshy scales, bearing narrow sessile, 

 alternate or whorled leaves ; radical leaves large, ovate or elliptic, borne only in 

 the year or years before the flowering stalk appears. Flowers in racemes or soli- 

 tary, dull purple, brownish, whitish or red. Perianth campanulate to funnel- 

 form, deciduous, of 6 distinct segments, each segment with a shallow nectar- 

 bearing area near the base. Stamens 6, inserted on the base of the segments, 

 included; filaments slender; anthers extrorse, more or less versatile. Ovary 

 sessile or nearly so. Capsule membranous, 6-angled or winged, loculicidally 

 3-valved. Seeds numerous, in 2 rows in each cell. (Latin fritillus, a dice-box, 

 on account of the shape of the flower.) 



Styles united, stigma shortly 3-lobed; perianth pink, of a uniform color, i. e., not 



spotted ; glands obscure 1. F. pluriflora. 



Styles 3-parted above; stigmas linear; glands mostly obvious. 



Leaves in 2 to 3 whorls on the upper part of the stem or the uppermost alternate; 

 capsule winged. 



Perianth scarlet 2. F. coccinea. 



Perianth dark purple, mottled or checkered with greenish yellow 3. F. lanceolata. 



Leaves mostly basal, not in distinct whorls; capsule obtusely angled. 



Raceme many-flowered; perianth yellowish green, not spotted, 1 to \ l / 2 in. long 



4. F. agrestis. 

 Raceme 1 to 3-flowered; perianth white or nearly so, Yz to 54 in. long.... 5. F. litiacca. 



1. F. pluriflora Torr. Pink Fritillary. Stems 6 to 10 in. high, from a 

 somewhat yellowish bulb of few (6 to 8) scales; leaves few, oblong-lanceolate, 

 4 in. long, mostly basal; perianth uniform pink-purple, the segments obovate- 

 oblong, acutish. 1 in. long; glands obscure; capsule as broad as long, truncate 

 at apex, narrowed toward the base, strongly 3-lobed, each lobe with 2 longi- 

 tudinal dorsal ridges or wings with intervening depression. 



'hills in adobe soil: Solano and Yolo cos.; upper Sacramento Valley, 

 east side. 



2. F. coccinea Greene. Scarlet Fritillaby. stems Blender, 10 to 18 in. 

 high; leaves :; to 7. narrowly linear. 2% in. long; flowers 1 to -1, campanulate- 

 fnnnelform, scarlet, evidently mottled, •"•, to ii L , in. long; segments recurving 

 at tip, gland near base of segment small, narrowly oblong, '.'< Lines long. 



Mt. Hood and Napa ranges ami north to Eden Vail -v. 



3. F. lanceolata i'ursli. Checker Lily, stems 1 l. to 2 ft. high; Bcalea 

 few or none, the lower portion of the solid bulb covered with numerous rice- 

 grain bulblets; leaves 6 to 9 in 2 or 3 whorls on the upper part of th< 



