LILY FAMILY. 109 



19. MAIANTHEMUM Wigg. 



81 m low, from a horizontal rootstock, bearing 2 or 3 broad leaves and white 

 flowers in a terminal raceme, the pedicels solitary or 2 or 3 in a cluster. 

 Perianth-segments 4. Stamens 4. with filiform filaments. Ovary 2 -celled ; 

 stigma 2-lobed. Fruit a red globose berry. (Greek maios, May. and anthemon, 

 flower, in allusion to the flowering period.) 



1. M. bifolium I>< '. var kamtschaticum Jepson, n. comb. Stems simple, 

 erect. 4 to 14 in. high, often stout; leaves ovate or triangular-cordate, 

 2 1 -j to 4% in. long, the petiole of the lower one sometimes longer than 

 the blade; radical leaf cordate, short-pointed, very large, very long-petioled, 

 almost as tall as the flowering stem; raceme peduncled, % to 2 in. long; 

 pedicels 1 to 2 lines long; perianth-segments oblong or broadest toward apex, 

 slightly unequal, 1 to 1% lines long, becoming deflexed; berry 3 lines in 

 diameter. — (Convallaria bi folia var. kamtschatica Gmel. M. bifolium var. 

 dilatatum Wood.) 



Sausalito hills, in rocks ("only locality known to me in Bay region.'' Mrs. 

 K. Brandegee) ; Eureka and far northward. The leaves furnish a lotion for 

 inflammation and burns highly esteemed in rural medicine. 



20. SMILACINA Desf. False Solomon's Seal. 

 Stems simple and leafy, from horizontal rootstocks, bearing a terminal raceme 

 or panicle of small white flowers with minute bracts. Leaves sessile, many- 

 nerved. Pedicels jointed at the summit. Perianth persistent, the segments 

 distinct and spreading. Stamens with subulate filaments inserted at the 

 base of the segments; anthers versatile. Style 3-lobed at the summit, per- 

 sistent; ovules 2 in each cell. Fruit a globose 1 to 3-seeded berry. Seeds sub- 

 globose, with thin testa and horny albumen. (Diminutive of smilax.) 



Flowers in a simple raceme; stamens y 2 to Y\ as long as the perianth-segments, filaments 



not dilated 1. S. scssili folia. 



Flowers in a panicle: filaments broad, much longer than the perianth-segments 



2. S. amplexicaulis. 



1. S. sessilifolia Xutt. Eootstock slender; stem 1 to 2 ft. high, usually 

 flexuous above; leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 6 in. long, acute or acum- 

 inate, sessile and clasping, more or less puberulent; raceme open, sessile or 

 shortly peduncled. the spreading solitary pedicels 2 to 7 lines long; perianth- 

 segments 1% to 4 lines long, lanceolate, becoming reflexed. the stamens !._> to 

 % as long; style nearly equaling the ovary; berry red-purple or nearly black, 

 globose. 3 to 5 lines in diameter, 1 to 4-seeded. 



Shady woods of the Coast Ranges from Monterey Co. to Oakland, the Napa 

 Range and westward to the ocean, and northward. Mar. -Apr. 



2. S. amplexicaulis Xutt. Rootstock stout, elongated; stem 1 to 3 ft. high, 

 this and the under surface of the leaves with a minute fuzzy pubescence or rare- 

 ly glabrous; leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, 3 to 5 in. long, acute at apex, 

 sessile by a broad clasping base; panicle usually short peduncled. oblong, 2 

 to 4 in. long; pedicels 1 line long or less; perianth-segments less than 1 line 

 lon^ ; filaments lanceolate or broadly subulate, much longer and often broader 

 than the segments; Btyle very short; berry li^ht red, very finely sprinkled 

 with dark red dots, 2 to 2 1 -, lines in diameter, usually (.-seeded. 



Shady woods, range of preceding but also in the Sierra Nevada. Apr. 



21. DISPORUM Salisb. Fairy Bells. 

 Rootstocks short, horizontal, bearing fibrous roots and giving rise each 



