114 ORCHIDACEAE. 



much exceeding the sepals and petals; spur slender, 4 to 6 lines long; beak 

 of the stigma prominent, ovate, more than half the length of the connective; 

 capsule oblong, sessile, () to 9 lines long. 



Pt. Keyes. Common about springs and in moist meadows in the Sierra 

 Nevada. 



4. H. maritima Greene. Low and stout, 6 to 10 or 14 in. high; basal 

 leaves oblong, acute, 3 to 6 in. long, i/> to 1 in. wide, the lowest narrowed to 

 a broad petiole; upper cauline leaves reduced, appressed, lanceolate-subulate; 

 spike iy 2 to 4 in. long, slightly conical, 7 to 13 lines broad, the flowers white, 

 with a heavy fragrance, closely crowded; sepals broadly oblong, obtuse, with 

 a green midvein, a little exceeding 2 lines; petals 2 lines long, broadest at the 

 base, ligulate-attenuate above; lip narrowly ovate, with a prominent ridge to- 

 ward the base; spur slender, longer than the ovary; column short and almost 

 beakless. 



Sea-cliffs of the San Francisco Peninsula. 



3. EPIPACTIS Haller. 



Stem leafy from creeping rootstocks. Flowers in racemes with foliaceous 

 bracts. Sepals and petals nearly equal, spreading; lip strongly constricted 

 at the middle, the lower portion deeply concave, the upper portion dilated. 

 Anther 2-celled, sessile behind the broad truncate stigma, on a slender jointed 

 base; the pollen-masses become attached above to the gland capping the small 

 rounded beak of the stigma. Ovaries reflexed at maturity. (Greek epipaktis, a 

 plant of Dioscorides.) 



1. E. gigantea Dougl. Stream Orchis. Stout, 1 to 3 ft. high, nearly 

 glabrous; leaves ovate below, lanceolate above, acute or acuminate, 3 to 7 in. 

 long; raceme minutely pubescent; flow r ers 3 to 10, greenish or rose-color, on 

 pedicels 2 lines long; sepals 7 lines long (exceeding the petals), the upper 

 concave and somewhat carinate; petals rose-color, purple-veined, particularly the 

 Jip; lower portion of lip with short erect lobes or w T ings and with many callous 

 tubercles near the base; upper portion ovate-lanceolate, crested or ridged to- 

 wards the base; capsule oblong. 



Moist stream banks in the Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada. May. 



4. SPIRANTHES Rich. 

 Stems from a cluster of tuberous roots, erect, leafy. Flowers white, spur- 

 less, in 1 to 3 rows in a twisted spike. Sepals and petals all narrow, erect, 

 or more or less connivent. Lip sessile or with a short claw, the lower portion 

 embracing the column and bearing a minute-callose protuberance on each side, 

 the upper portion spreading and wavy-crisped. Column short, obliquely in- 

 serted <»n the ovary, bearing the stigma on the front and the sessile or short- 

 stalked erect anther on the back. Capsule erect. (Greek speira, spiral, and 

 anthoSj flower, in allusion to the twisted inflorescence.) 



Perianth 4 to 6 lines long; callosities at base of lip minute 1. S. romansofRana. 



Periantb 3 lines long; callosities at base of lip nipple-like and pointing downward 



2. S. porrifolia. 



1. S. romanzoffiana ciiain. Glabrous, 5 to 16 in. high; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, .". to 7 in. long, -I to 8 lines wide; spike dense. 3 in. long, the tlowers 

 in .". ranks; bracts conspicuous, ovate, abruptly subulate-pointed, 5 or (5 lines 



long; perianth 4 to (i lines long, curved, the sepals and petals connivent; 

 lip recurved, broader at base, contracted below the narrower rounded 

 Summit; callosities smooth, often not obvious. 



