GOOSEFOOT FAMILY. 141 



3. CHENOPODIUM L. Goosefoot. Pigweed. 

 Animal or perennial herbs, frequently white-mealy or glandular, with alter- 

 nate petioled leaves. Flowers perfect, greenish, bractless and sessile, clus- 

 tered in axillary or terminal spikes. Spikes often panicled. Calyx 5 (or 

 3 to 4) -parted, the lobes usually somewhat carinate or in fruit crested, and 

 commonly completely covering the seed-like achene. Stamens 5 or fewer. 

 Ovary depressed; styles 2, rarely 3 or 4, slender. Pericarp membranous, 

 closely investing the seed. Embryo annular, sometimes incompletely so. 

 (Greek chen, goose, and pous, foot, on account of the shape of the leaves.) 



Annual; calyx parted into lobes or segments. 



Finely mealy, not pubescent or glandular; perianth dry, closely persistent on the 

 seed; embryo annular. 



Erect, herbage light green 1. C. album. 



Diffuse, herbage dark green 2. C. murale. 



Not mealy, glandular-pubescent and aromatic, fruit seed-like, small, included in the 

 dry perianth; embryo curved. 

 Leaves slender-petioled; fruit imperfectly enclosed; spikes cymose-diverging, leafless. 



3. C. botrys. 

 Leaves slightly petioled; fruit perfectly enclosed. 



Spikes dense, leafy 4. C. ambrosioides. 



Spikes more elongated, leafless 5. C. anthelminticutn. 



Neither glabrous nor mealy; flowers in dense short axillary spikes; perianth more or 



less fleshy in fruit, enclosing the utricle; embryo annular 6. C. rubrutn. 



Perennial; calyx merely toothed or cleft, more distinctly synsepalous, in fruit dry; 

 leaves broadly triangular; spike terminal, leafy only below; fruit seed-like, exserted; 

 embryo annular 7. C. calif oniicum. 



1. C. album L. Pigweed. White Goosefoot. Commonly 2 to 4 ft. 

 high, erect, usually paniculately branched; herbage more or less light green 

 or white-mealy; leaves rhombic-ovate, sinuate-dentate below or about the middle, 

 the uppermost varying to lanceolate, and subentire, 1 to 2 in. long, whiter 

 beneath than above; flowers densely clustered in close spikes, the panicle strict 

 and close or somewhat spreading; calyx about % line wide in fruit, the lobes 

 strongly carinate. 



Common European weed in half cultivated lands, flowering in late sum- 

 mer and early autumn. 



2. C. murale L. Xettle-leaf Goosefoot. Bather stout and succulent, 

 the loose branches decumbent and ascending, 8 to 15 in. long; herbage dark 

 green, the growing parts very finely mealy; leaves rhombic-ovate, irregularly 

 and sharply toothed above the base, 1 to 1% in. long; flowers in rather 

 dense axillary or terminal spicate panicles; panicles leafless, or nearly so; 

 fruiting calyx closed; seed acutely margined. 



Naturalized from Europe; a common weed in old yards and waste places, 

 flowering through the winter. 



3. C. botrys L. Jerusalem Oak. Glandular pubescent and viscid 

 throughout; leaves slender-petioled, ovate to oblong, '% to 1% in. long, obtuse, 

 truncate or cuneate at base, sinuately pinnatifid and the lobes usually toothed; 

 spikes cvmose, diverging, loose, leafless; calvx not completely enclosing the 

 fruit. 



Waste places near dwellings and in stream be. Is; naturalized from Europe 

 and widely distributed but not common. July-Sept. 



4. C. ambrosioides L. Mexican Tea. Glabrous, scarcely glandular; 

 when young sometimes tomentose-pubescent ; 2 to ::'._, ft. high, usually stout 

 and branched; Leaves slightly petioled. oblong or lanceolate, 2 to 5 iii. Long, 

 repand-toothed or nearly entire,, the upper tapering to both ends; flowers in 



