198 SAXIFRAGACEAE. 



10. Styles 2. Capsule 2-beaked, 2-celled, opening down or between the 

 beaks, or sometimes the fruit consists of 2 nearly separate follicles. Seeds 

 numerous. (Latin saxum, a rock, and frango, to break.) 



Leaves not cordate, longer than petiole; filaments usually not dilated. ... 1. 5". calif ornica. 

 Leaves cordate, the petiole commonly 1 to 3 times as long; filaments dilated toward apex 



2. S. mertensiana. 



1. S. calif ornica Greene. Acaulescent; pubescent with scattered hairs, 

 those toward summit of scape distinctly gland-tipped ; leaves elliptic, rather 

 coarsely senate, somewhat undulate, */> to 2 in. long, longer than the broad 

 petiole or nearly sessile; flowers white; lobes of the calyx ovate, reflexed; 

 petals orbicular, often emarginate, l 1 /. lines long; anthers red, filaments not 

 dilated; ovary half coherent with the calyx, the 2 carpels almost distinct. — 

 (S. virginiensis Michx. var. calif ornica Jepson.) 



Mostly in rocky places in the hills: Coast Kanges and Sierra Nevada. 



2. S. mertensiana Bong. Plants 4 to 14 in. high, the scape and leaves 

 from a scaly bulb-like caudex which produces bulblets; petioles and scapes more 

 or less villous, the hairs tipped with red glands; leaves orbicular, cordate at 

 base, crenately toothed, % to 3% in. broad; petioles scarious-dilated at base, 

 1 to 6 in. long; panicle open, often bearing granule-like bulblets in the axils; 

 bracts lanceolate; flowers white, pendulous after anthesis (the slender pedicels 

 recurved only at the very tip) ; calyx-tube very short, united to the very base 

 of the ovary, its lobes oblong, reflexed in fruit; petals ovate-oblong, 2 lines 

 long; filaments dilated toward the summit, white and petal-like; carpels almost 

 wholly united. 



Woods of the North Coast Ranges: Austin Creek, Sonoma Co.; Mill Creek, 

 near Ukiah; Idol House, Mendocino Co., and far northward. Mar. -May. 



S. peltata Torr. is a remarkable species of the Sierra Nevada and Yollo 

 Bolly Mts., growing along swiftly flowing mountain streams; it has peltate 

 Leaves 1 to 2 ft. in diameter and petioles 1 to 3% ft. high. S. bryophora 

 Gray, of the high Sierra Nevada, is 4 to 5 in. high, with the scape branching 

 into a very slender panicle; leaves linear-oblong, acute, 3 to 7 lines long; 

 petals 2-spotted toward the base. The two preceding are acaulescent. S. 

 tolmiei T. & G., of the high Sierra Nevada, has short leafy stems thickly 

 covered with small evergreen sessile leaves, and a few-flowered scape-like 

 peduncle. 



2. BOYKINIA Nutt. 



Perennial herbs witli creeping rootstocks. Steins simple, bearing a few 

 alternate leaves and paniculate or corymbose cymes of white flowers. Calyx- 

 tube turbinate or subglobose <>r ovate, adherent to the 2-celled ovary; capsule 

 2-beaked. Petals roundish or elliptic, entire, with a short claw, deciduous. 

 Stamens 5, short. Styles 2. (Dr. Boykin of Georgia.) 



1. B. elata ( Xutt.) Greene. Erect, 2 ft. high or less, commonly glandular- 

 pubescent, the bases of the slender stems often clothed with rusty hairs; leaves 

 thin membranaceous, shallowly lobed or incised and serrate, 2 to 4 in. broad; 

 petioles long, exstipulate, bearing at base some rusty bristles; Howlers slightly 

 irregular, borne in a panicle * > t" secund racemes; calyx-lobes lanceolate-triangu- 

 lar; |>et,-ils narrow. 



Woods <»f the Coasl Ranges and Sierra Nevada. 



I'.. i \.im; Gray, of the Sierra Nevada, may be distinguished by its stoutness, 

 conspicuous foliaceous stipules, corymbose-cymose flowers, regular corolla and 

 broad petals. 



