206 ROSACEAE. 



"> (rarely 6, 7 or 8), rounded, spreading, inserted with the numerous stamens 

 <>n the edge of the thin disk which lines the calyx-tube within and bears to- 

 ward the base the numerous distinct pistils. Ovaries hairy, becoming bony achenes. 

 A.chenes enclosed in the globose or urn-shaped calyx-tube, which is popularly 

 termed a "hip." (The Latin name.) 



Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 in a cluster; calyx-lobes deciduous from the fruit 



1. R. gymnocarpa. 

 Flowers few to many in a corymb; calyx-lobes persistent in fruit. 



Calyx-lobes soft-pubescent outside; plants 3 to 5 ft. high or more.... 2. R. calif ornica. 



Calyx-lobes glandular-hispid outside; plants Y\ to 1 ft. high 3. R. spithamaea. 



1. R. gymnocarpa Nutt. Wood Eose. Slender, 1 to 3 ft. high, glabrous, 

 the branchlets and rachis of the leaves armed with long slender straight prickles, 

 or sometimes nearly unarmed; leaves 2 or 3 in. long; leaflets 5 or 3, 7, 9, 

 11, elliptic or roundish, 3 to 9 lines long, doubly serrate, the minute teeth 

 gland-tipped; flowers generally solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3; corolla 7 to 10 

 lines broad; pedicels glabrous or more frequently clothed with gland-tipped 

 haiis; calyx-lobes at length deciduous; hips ovate or pear-shaped, red, 4 to 7 

 lines long. 



Shady woods or bushy north slopes, often near streams, Coast Ranges and 

 Sierra Nevada. 



2. R. californica C. & S. California Wild Rose. Erect branching 

 shrub 3 to 6 ft. high; prickles few, stout, recurved, mostly in pairs below the 

 leaves; leaves pubescent, especially on the lower surface; leaflets 5 or com- 

 monly 7, ovate to elliptic, % to iy 2 in. long; flowers in terminal corymbs, 1 

 to li/i in. broad; pedicels glandular-pubescent; hips globose, 4 to .6 lines 

 broad, somewhat constricted below the calyx-lobes. 



Common everywhere along river and creek banks at the lower and middle 

 altitudes throughout California, often forming small thickets. Flowering most 

 freely in June, the hips ripe Aug.-Oct. 



3. R. spithamaea Wats. var. sonomensis Jepson. Sonoma Rose. Branches 

 several from the base, erect, mostly simple, 9 to 12 in. high, densely armed 

 with stout straight or slightly recurved prickles; leaflets 5, broadly ovate, 4 

 to 8 lines long, serrate, with the teeth minutely glandular-denticulate; flowers 

 small, several in a corymb ; hips globose, 3 to 5 lines broad ; calyx-lobes ovate- 

 lanceolate, glandular-hispid, rather closely erect in fruit. 



Rare montane species, on high dry slopes: Sonoma Co., Greene; Mt. Tamal- 

 pais, Jepson ; Saratoga, Santa Clara Co., Davy. 



6. RUBUS L. 

 Ours bushes, prickly or unarmed, the stems erect, or long and trailing or 

 climbing. Leaves simple, or pinnately compound with 3 to 5 leaflets. Calyx 

 5-parted, without bractlets. Petals' 5. Stamens numerous. Pistils many, 

 crowded on an elevated receptacle, becoming drupelets which are united to 

 each other and form the aggregate fruit called a blackberry or raspberry. 

 (Latin name, allied to ruber, red.) 



Fruit conical or hemispherical, concave beneath, the drupelets parting from the receptacle 

 BS a whole when ripe. 



Sttiii--. unarmed; leaves simple, palmately lobed 1. R. parvtAorus. 



Sterna prickly; leaflets 3-foholate 



Rowers reel; leaves pubescent oi silky beneath -• R. spectabilis. 



Flowers white; leaves white-tomentose beneath 3. R. leucodermis. 



Fruit oblong^ the drupelets persistent upon the receptacle; leaves mostly 3 to 5-foliolate, 

 a few simple; Btems and leaves very priekly 4. R. ritifolius. 



1. R. parviflorus Nutt. Thimble Berry. Erect, 3 to 6 ft. high; bark 



