ROSE FAMILY. 207 



eventually shreddy; leaves palmately 5-lobed, cordate at base, circular in out- 

 line, 3 to 7 in. broad, mucronate-serrate, soft pubescent, the veins beneath as 

 well as the petioles and stems hispid and more or less glandular; stipules lanceo- 

 late, deciduous; flowers about 4 to 7 in terminal corymbs, white (rarely pink- 

 ish), 1 to 3 in. broad, very variable in the number of sepals and petals; 

 calyx-lobes ovate, terminated by a tail-like or sometimes foliaceous appendage 

 often of nearly the same length; petals elliptic. — (R. nutkanus var. velutinus 

 Brewer.) 



Common along canon streams in the hill country near the coast, and in the 

 Sierra Nevada (3000 to 7000 ft.). May-July. 



2. R. spectabilis Pursh var. menziesii Wats. Salmon Berry. Stems 

 erect, 3 to 9 ft. high, with reddish brown bark and sparingly armed, or the 

 canes (sterile shoots) very prickly; prickles short, straight; leaves 3-foliolate; 

 leaflets ovate, doubly serrate, often more or less lobed, 1 to 2 in. long, lightly 

 pubescent or silky beneath; flowers 1 to 3 in a cluster; petals red, 6 to 7 

 lines long; fruit large, ovoid, red or yellow, glabrous. 



Margins of woods and along streams, vicinity of the ocean : San Francisco ; 

 Pt. Reyes; Mendocino Co. and northward. 



3. R. leucodermis Dougl. Raspberry. First year stems vigorous and 

 erect ("canes"), bearing 5 to 7-foliolate leaves, the second year bearing short 

 leafy flowering branchlets with 3-foliolate leaves, bending over and becoming 

 straggling; stems and petioles armed with short recurved prickles; herbage 

 glaucous; leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, often unequal-sided at base, doubly 

 serrate, % to 2 in. long, pubescent but green above, white with a dense close 

 tomentum below; stipules setaceous; flowers few, corymbose, white, 6 lines 

 broad; sepals lanceolate, long-acuminate, exceeding the petals; fruit glaucous, 

 of an agreeable flavor, either black or red. 



Coast Ranges, near the coast and rather uncommon within our limits: 

 Santa Cruz Mts.; Sonoma and Mendocino cos. and northward. Sierra Ne- 

 vada. 



4. R. vitif olius C. & S. Common Blackberry. Evergreen bush ; stems a 

 few ft. high and more or less erect, or several to 18 ft. long and trailing over 

 the ground or climbing over other shrubs; leaves pubescent or almost glabrous, 

 pinnately 3 to 5-foliolate, the leaflets ovate, doubly serrate, % to 2% 

 in. long, or sometimes a few upper leaves simple and ovate or palmately lobed; 

 petals 8 or 9 lines long; fruit black, oblong, sweet. — (R. ursinus C. & S.) 



Valleys and hills, chiefly along streams or in springy flats: Bay region and 

 Great Valley, south to Southern California and north to British Columbia. 



7. FRAGARIA L. Strawberry. 

 Perennial acaulescent herbs propagating by runners. Leaves tufted, 3- 

 foliolate, with membranous stipules and cuneate-obovate serrate leaflets. Flow- 

 ers white, borne in cymes on a naked scape. Calyx persistent, bearing 5 bract- 

 lets alternate with the calyx-lobes. Petals obovate, short-clawed. Pistils numer- 

 ous, distinct, borne on an elevated convex receptacle; styles lateral. Fruit 

 berry-like, formed of the enlarged succulent receptacle which bears the minute 

 seed-like achenes. (Name in reference to the fragrance of the berry.) 



Leaves thin, light green; achenes borne on the surface of the receptacle. . 1. F. calif ornica. 

 Leaves thicker, dark green; achenes partly imbedded in the surface of the receptacle.. 



2. F. chile nsis. 



1. F. calif ornica C. & S. Wood Strawberry. Scapes 4 or 5 in. high, 

 cymosely 2-flowered; herbage pilose; leaflets thin, light green, 1 to 1*4 in. 



