ROSE FAMILY. 213 



Throughout the Coast Kanges and Sierra Nevada, and southward to South- 

 ern and Lower California. Frequent along streams and gulches in the lower 

 hills, and also abundant on stony slopes at middle elevations, especially from 

 Napa to Humboldt cos. Fl. July. One of the most handsome of Calif ornian 

 shrubs when covered from November to January with its fine clusters of crimson 

 berries. 



15. CRATAEGUS L. Thorn. 



Thorny shrubs with simple toothed or lobed leaves. Flowers mostly white, 

 heavy-scented, corymbose. Calyx-tube urn-shaped. Petals rounded. Sta- 

 mens 5 to 20. Ovary inferior, or its summit free, 2 to 5-celled, or the 2 to 5 

 carpels merely contiguous and not united; styles distinct. Pome more or less 

 drupe-like, red or purple, containing 2 to 5 bony 1-seeded nutlets, these united 

 or separable; calyx-teeth persistent. (Greek kratos, strength, in reference to 

 the wood.) 



1. C. rivularis Nutt. Shrub 9 to 14 ft. high; thorns stout, 2y 2 in. long; 

 leaves elliptic to obovate, doubly serrate, entire towards the base and often 

 cuneate, shortly petioled, iy± to 2% in. long; fruit reddish brown (or nearly 

 black?), 3 or 4 lines long. 



Sonoma Co. to Siskiyou Co. and northward. Eare within our limits. 



16. PYRUS L. Pear. Apple. 



Deciduous trees or shrubs with simple leaves and stipules which disappear 

 early. Flowers in corymbs. Calyx-tube urn-shaped. Petals white or pink, 

 with claws. Ovary inferior, 2 to 5-celled, ovules 2 in each cell, the carpels 

 chartaceous; styles as many as the cells, united at base. Fruit a pome, in the 

 subgenus Malus (apple) more or less globose and sunken at each end.- — (The 

 Latin name of the Pear.) 



1. P. rivularis Dougl. Oregon Crab Apple. Small tree or many-stemmed 

 shrub 10 to 30 ft. high ; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate, green above, pale, 

 pubescent and eventually rusty beneath, 1 to 3% in. long, those of the sterile 

 branchlets mostly 3-lobed or with a coarse tooth on each side, those of the 

 flowering branchlets rarely lobed or toothed; corymbs 4 to 9-flowered; petals 

 elliptical, 3 to 5 lines long, commonly with toothed auricles just above the very 

 short claw; stamens 18 or 19; carpels commonly 3; fruits 2 or 3 in a cluster, 

 oblong or oblong-ovoid, 6 or 7 lines long and 4% or 5 lines thick, not sunken 

 at base, yellowish (or pinkish on one side), aging purple-black; calyx-lobes 

 at length deciduous. — (Malus rivularis Koem.) 



North Coast Eanges, mostly near the coast (Sonoma to Eureka) and north- 

 ward to Washington. 



17. AMELANCHIER Medic. June Berry. 



Shrubs or small trees with simple leaves. Flowers white in racemes. Calyx- 

 tube campanulate, more or less adnate to the ovary, the limb 5-parted, the 

 lobes narrow, reflexed, and persistent. Petals 5, ascending. Stamens in- 

 definite, about 20, the outer row with longer filaments. Pistil 1 ; styles 5, 

 united below; ovary partly or wholly inferior, 5-celled, each cell in fruit 

 divided into 2 by a partition from the back. Fruit berry-like, globose, the 

 cells 1-seeded. (Savoy name of the Medlar.) 



1. A. alnif olia Xutt. Shrub 8 to 15 ft. high; leaves mostly elliptic, sharply 

 serrate near the apex or less commonly entire, % to l 1 /^ in. long; petioles 4 

 to 6 lines long; racemes short and rather dense; petals broadly oblong, or some- 

 what cuneate at base, 5 lines long; fruit purplish, 2i/> or 3 lines in diameter. 



