PEA FAMILY. 215 



banner smaller than the wings and enclosed by them in the bud; keel-petals 

 larger than the wing-petals and not united. Stamens 10, distinct, declined, the 

 filaments clavate-dilated towards the base. Pod oblong, very flat, the upper 

 suture with a winged margin. Embryo straight. (Kerkis, Greek name of 

 the oriental Judas Tree.) 



1. C. occidentalis Torr. Western Red-bud. Steins usually clustered, 

 forming a clump, the branches rather widely spreading, 8 to 15 ft. high; leaves 

 round, cordate at base with nearly closed sinus, 2% to 3% in - broad; pod 

 about 2 in. long and 8 lines wide. 



Foothills of the Sierra Nevada and inner Coast Ranges. Mar.-Apr. 



2. THERMOPSIS R, Br. False Lupine. 

 Perennial herbs with commonly erect clustered stems. Leaves palmately 

 3-foliolate, petioled, and with free leaf-like stipules. Flowers yellow, in a 

 terminal raceme, the pedicels subtended by persistent bracts. Calyx cam- 

 panulate, deeply toothed, the two 7 upper teeth in ours almost completely united. 

 Banner roundish, shorter than the oblong wings, the sides reflexed; keel nearly 

 straight, obtuse, its petals very lightly joined, equaling the wings. Stamens 

 distinct. Pod long, linear, flat, several-seeded. (Greek thermos, lupine, and 

 opsis, resemblance.) 



1. T. macrophyllaH. & A. Stems somewhat branched above, 1 to 2 ft. 

 high; leaves silky or whitish-pubescent when young, soon glabrate, at least 

 above; leaflets broadly or narrowly obovate and often more or less rhomboidal, 

 acute at each end, or some obtuse at apex (even on same plant), 1% to 3 

 or 4 in. long; stipules strongly oblique or not at all oblique, even on the same 

 plant, longer than the petioles; upper lip of calyx slightly notched; lower 

 calyx-teeth shorter than or as long as tube; raceme rather dense, 3 to 6 in. 

 long; pod straight, silky, 2 to 5-seeded. — (T. calif ornica Wats.) 



Monterey, Santa Cruz Mts. and Napa Valley northward to Mendocino Co. 

 Not known from the inner North Coast Ranges nor from Contra Costa or 

 Alameda cos. (Cf. Zoe, v. 77.) Var. velutina Greene. Leaflets small, with 

 a dense velvety pubescence. — Mt. Hamilton. 



3. PICKERINGIA Nutt. 

 Very rigid and spiny evergreen xerophytic shrub. Leaves palmately 1 to 

 3-foliolate, nearly sessile and without stipules. Flowers large, purple, axillary, 

 solitary and short-pediceled. Calyx campanulate with a turbinate base, the bor- 

 der with 4 very low broad teeth. Petals equal, the banner orbicular with re- 

 flexed sides, the wing- and keel-petals oblong, the latter distinct and straight. 

 Stamens distinct, inserted low down on calyx-tube. Pod linear, flat, stipitate, 

 straight, several-seeded. (Charles Pickering of the Wilkes Expedition, which 

 visited California in 1841.) 



1. P. montana Nutt. Pea Chaparral. Densely branched shrub, 3 to 

 8 ft. high, the branchlets very spinose; leaflets obovate, entire, 2 to 6 lines 

 long; flowers near the ends of the branchlets, rose-purple, % in. long, on very 

 short pedicels; pedicels bearing 2 minute subulate bractlets near the middle; 

 stamens persistent; pod exserted on the stipe, about 2 in. long, 6 to 10-seeded, 

 somewhat constricted between the seeds. — (Xylothermia montana Greene.) 



Higher altitudes of the Coast Ranges: frequent on dry slopes from near 

 Ukiah, Mt. St. Helena, the Vaca Mts. and Mt. Tamalpais southward to South- 

 ern California. May-June. One of the most characteristic of chaparral shrubs 



