

ARALIACEAE. 285 



Shallow margins of ponds and about springs: Tomales Bay (Bot. Cal. i, 215) ; 

 Sierra Nevada. 



2. MYRIOPHYLLUM L. 



Leaves alternate, or (in ours) whorled, the emersed ones entire or pectinate, 

 those under water pinnately divided into capillary divisions. Flowers sessile in 

 the axils of the upper leaves or forming a terminal interrupted spike. Upper 

 flowers generally staminate, the lowest pistillate, and the intermediate often 

 perfect. Calyx of the pistillate flowers 4-toothed or the teeth none, of the 

 staminate 4-lobed. Petals 4, or none. Stamens 4 or 8. Stigmas 4, recurved 

 and plumose. Fruit splitting at maturity into 4 bony 1-seeded nutlets. 

 (Greek murios, a thousand, and phullon, a leaf.) 



Flowers in a terminal interrupted spike; petals early deciduous; stamens 8 



1. M. spicatum. 



Flowers in the axils of the emersed linear leaves; petals subpersistent; stamens 4 



2. M. hippurioidcs. 



1. M. spicatum L. Water-Milfoil. Stems branching, 1 to 2 ft. long; 

 leaves in whorls of 3 or 4, dissected into capillary divisions; floral leaves or 

 bracts ovate, entire or serrate and usually shorter than the flowers, which 

 thus form an interrupted spike 1 to 4 in. long; nutlets 1 line long, fully as 

 thick, rounded on the back with a deep groove between them. 



Lakes and ponds: San Francisco Peninsula; Marin Co., Behr. July- Aug. 



2. M. hippurioides Nutt. Leaves in whorls of 4 or 5; emersed ones linear, 

 serrate or the uppermost nearly entire, 3 to 5 lines long; submersed ones 

 dissected into capillary divisions, 1 to \y 2 in. long; flowers chiefly in the 

 axils of the emersed leaves; petals white, obovate ; nutlets less rounded. 



Lake Co., Jepson; Stockton, San ford. 



ARALIACEAE. Aralia Family. 



Ours herbs but the foreign species commonly shrubs or trees. Very closely 

 allied to Umbelli ferae, but the stems solid, the petals not inflexed and the 

 ovary 2 to 5-celled. Petals, stamens and styles 5. Calyx-tube coherent with 

 the ovary, its limb a mere rim with 5 salient teeth. Fruit berry-like, con- 

 taining as many 1-seeded nuts as there are carpels. — The cultivated Ivy, Hedera 

 helix L., belongs to this family and climbs by its adventitious roots. 



1. ARALIA L. 



Perennial herbs with alternate compound leaves and whitish flowers in 

 panicled umbels. Embryo minute. (Derivation uncertain.) 



1. A. calif ornica Wats. Ginseng. Stems simple, stout, 6 to 10 ft. high, 

 from a large rootstoek with milky juice; herbage glabrous, subulate-scabrous 

 on the main stem; leaves ternate, then pinnately 3 to 5-foliolate, 1 to 5 ft. 

 long; leaflets ovate, sometimes elliptic, serrate, acuminate, subcordate at 

 base, V-2 to 1 ft. long; flowers 1% lines long, on pedicels % in. long; panicle 

 1 to \y. 2 ft. long; ovary red, becoming a globular black berry 2% lines in 

 diameter. 



Shaded canons and beds of mountain streams. Coast Ranges (except the 

 inner ranges): Santa Lucia Mts. ; Oakland Hills; Mt. Tamalpais; Inverness; 

 Del Norte Co. Sierra Nevada. 



UMBELLIFERAE. Parsley Family. 



Herbs with commonly hollow stems and often dilated petioles. Leaves alter- 

 nate pi radical (opposite in Bowlesia and in some Eryngium species), com- 



