290 UMBELLIFERAE. 



B. Fruit neither pcdiceled nor stipitatc. 

 Stem or stems from the more or less thickened crown of a taproot. 



Flowers purple; leaves bipinnatind, the main divisions decurrent on the toothed rachis; 



hill species 3. S. bipinnatitida. 



Flowers yellow. 



Leaves entire or some 3-parted; Bay flats...... 4. 5. moritima. 



Leaves palmately cleft or divided (the main divisions confluent below); coast species.. 



5. S. laciniata. 

 Stem from a tuber. 



Leaves twice or thrice pinnate, of distinct small leaflets; tuber vertically elongated.... 



6. S. bipinnata. 

 Leaves twice or thrice ternate, then pinnately dissected; tuber globose. ... 7. 5. tuberosa. 



1. S. arctopoides H. & A. Yellow Mats. Prostrate or decumbent, the 

 plants \{\ to 1 ft. in diameter, conspicuous because of the yellowish foliage; 

 main stem from a taproot, short, bearing a tuft of leaves and several diver- 

 gent naked branches often longer than the leaves, each bearing an umbel of 



1 to 4 rays; rays short or as much as 5 in. long; leaves 2 to 2% in. broad, 



2 to 4i/> in. long including the broadly margined petiole, palmately parted 

 into 3 divisions which are again cleft, the whole margin laciniately cut into 

 slender unequal teeth, almost as if fringed, or again, the lanceolate spreading 

 segments subentire; bracts similar; heads 3 lines in diameter, surrounded 

 by conspicuous involucels of 8 to 13 oblong entire bractlets 5 to 7 lines long, 

 or 4 or 5 much shorter than the others; flowers yellow; fruit 1 to 1% lines 

 long, naked at base, with long bristles above. 



Open or brushy hills of the seaward Coast Eanges from Monterey to San 

 Francisco, Mt. Tamalpais, Mendocino and northward to British Columbia. 



2. S. menziesii H. & A. Gamble- weed. Stem 1 to 3% ft. high, one from a 

 stoutish taproot, simple below, paniculately branching above, 1 to 2 ft. high; 

 leaves round-cordate in outline, 1 to 2 in. broad, palmately and deeply 3 to 5- 

 lobed, the broad segments sharply lobed or incised with mucronate teeth, but 

 not toothed to the very base; rays few, % to 2 in. long; bracts small, leaf -like; 

 bractlets 6 to 8, small, entire; flowers yellow, the sterile ones short-pediceled 

 or nearly sessile; fruits covered with strong bristles, 1% lines long, distinctly 

 stipitate, 4 to 9 in. each head, at length divergent. 



Shady woods of the hills from Southern California to British Columbia 

 in both the Coast Eanges and Sierra Nevada, common. 



Var. nudicaulis Jepson, n. comb. Branches sub-basal, scapiform; leaves 

 long-petioled, thinnish, less deeply parted, sinuses more nearly closed and the 

 segments less lobed ; bracts leaf -like, broad. — "California, Douglas," de- 

 scribed from the specimen in the Kew Herbarium (S. nudicaulis H. & A.). 



The following species of the Sierra Nevada have the leaves ternate with 

 the main divisions on distinct petiolules: S. nevadensis Wats. Sierra 

 Sanicle. Plants low, the spreading peduncles arising in a cluster from near 

 the base. — Alt. 5,000 to 0,000 ft. S. SEPTENTRIONAIIS Greene. Plants erect, 

 the peduncles arising singly along the stem. -Nevada Co. northward to British 

 < lolumbia. 



3. S. bipinnatifida Dougl. Purple Sanicle. Plants % to 3 ft. high, the 



herbage disposed to he purplish ; taproot deep seated, its thickened mult icipita I 

 crown bearing a cluster Of Leaves and several stems, which are leafy mainly or 

 wholly towards the base; leaves 2% to 4 in. long, mostly triangular in outline, 

 pinnately i! to 7 parted, the divisions distant, decurrent on the rachis as a 

 toothed wing, and cut into oblong or ovate unequally toothed or serrate lobes; 

 (lowers purple, borne in dense heads 2U 2 to 4 lines in diameter, the sterile 



