PARSLEY FAMILY. '2 l X\ 



white flowers. Umbels compound, concave, surrounded by cleft foliaceous 

 bracts and borne on long peduncles. Involucels of entire or toothed bractlets. 

 Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit somewhat flattened dorsally. Primary ribs slender, 

 bristly; secondary ribs with a single row of prominent barbed prickles. Oil- 

 tubes as in Caucalis. (Daukos, the Greek name.) 



Involucre divided into short linear or lanceolate segments; rays mostly 2 to 5 lines long 



or more 1. D. pusillus. 



Involucre divided into elongated filiform segments; rays 1 to 2J^ in. long.... 2. D. car ota. 



1. D. pusillus Michx. Rattlesnake Weed. Plants 4 to 7 in. high; stems 

 and peduncles retrorsely hispid; leaves finely dissected into linear segments; 

 rays mostly 2 to 5 lines long, sometimes as much as 1 or 1% in. long, some- 

 what unequal; pedicels very unequal, commonly 1 or 2 lines long or almost 

 wanting; fruit 1% to 2 lines long. 



Throughout California in the hill country. Apr. The herbage is in rural 

 repute as an antidote for the bite of the rattlesnake, whence "Yerba de 

 Vibora" of the Spanish-Californians. 



2. D. carota L. Carrot. Biennial; root fleshy, conical; steins erect, 

 branching, hispid, 2 or 3 ft. high; leaves many times dissected into small 

 linear or lanceolate segments; segments of the involucre linear-lanceolate or 

 subulate; rays very numerous, 1 to 2 in. long; umbels in fruit 2 to 4 in. broad, 

 concave and like a bird's nest; fruit 2 lines long. 



An escape from gardens, locally naturalized in valley lands: Alameda; Santa 

 Clara Co. 



8. CAUCALIS L. 



Rough hispidulous annuals with decompound leaves dissected into small seg- 

 ments. Flowers white, in simple or nearly simple umbels. Calyx-teeth prom- 

 inent. Fruit flattened laterally. Primary ribs 5, filiform, bristly; secondary 

 ribs 4, prominent, winged, bearing barbed or hooked prickles. Oil-tubes sol- 

 itary in the intervals, i. e., under the secondary ribs, 2 on the face. (Kaukalis, 

 the Greek name.) 



Umbels small and condensed, scattered along the stems opposite the leaves, on peduncles 



1 or 2 lines long 1. C. nodosa. 



Umbels terminal or at the upper nodes, on peduncles 1 to 2 in. long.... 2. C. microcarpa. 



1. C. nodosa Hudson. Knotted Hedge Parsley. Erect, the stems with 

 few branches, retrorsely scabrous; leaves pinnate (lower 5 in. long including 

 petiole, the upper successively shorter); leaflets bipinnately dissected; umbels 

 scattered along the stems opposite the leaves, on very short peduncles (1 or 

 2 lines long), simple or with a supplementary short proliferous umbel; flowers 

 white; fruits iy> to 2 lines long, those on the outside of the umbel with the 

 exterior carpel densely covered with hooked bristles, the inner carpels as well 

 as the inner fruits smooth or at least only with tubercles. 



Naturalized from Europe, locallv common on openly wooded hills: Vacaville; 

 Napa Valley; Marin Co.; Mokelumne Hill (1894); Folsom (1883). 



2. C. microcarpa H. & A. Erect, slender, 6 to 9 in. high; leaves 2 or 3 

 times ternate and much dissected, slightly hispid; peduncles solitary at the 

 '■nds of the branches or in clusters of 2 or 3 at the upper nodes, 1 to 2 in. 

 long, bearing unequally rayed umbels; rays 3 to 6, 8 lines long or less; in- 

 volucre of foliaceous dissected bracts; involucels of entire or somewhat divided 

 bractlets; fruit oblong, 2 lines long, armed with rows of hooked prickles. 



_ a and Sierra Nevada, widely distributed but not common: Santa 



