;]\2 ERICACEAE. 



7 to 10, exserted; anthers awnless. — Sierra Nevada, 7,000 to 12,000 ft. Called 

 "Alpine II. at her." B. empetriformis Gray. Corolla campanulate, the 5 

 stamens included. — Mt. Shasta, Marble Mt. and "northward. 



Kai.mia rou folia Wang. Fruticulose, 3 to 12 in. high; corolla rose-purple, 

 saucer shaped, 10-saccate, the 10 stamens with their awnless anthers lodged in 

 the sacs in bud. — Alpine in the Sierra Nevada (K. glauca Ait.). Leaves prob- 

 ably poisonous to cattle. 



6. ARBUTUS L. Arbute Tree. 



Evergreen trees or shrubs with glossy leathery leaves. Flowers in a terminal 

 panicle of dense racemes. Bracts and bractlets scale-like. Calyx small, 5- 

 parted. Corolla globular or ovate, 5-lobed at apex. Stamens twice as manj 

 as the corolla-lobes, included; filaments soft-hairy; anthers with a pair of 

 reflexed awns on the back. Ovary on a hypogynous disk, 5 or rarely 4-celled, the 

 ovules crowded on a fleshy placenta which projects from the inner angle of each 

 cell. Fruit a many-seeded berry with granular surface. (Latin name of the 

 Arbute tree under which, says Horace, idle men delight to lie.) 



1. A. menziesii Pursh. Madrona. Widely branching tree 20 to 125 ft. high; 

 bark polished, crimson or terra eotta, or on old trunks dark brown and fissured 

 into small scales; leaves narrowly elliptic or ovatish, 3 to 6 in. long, glabrous, 

 dark green and polished above, glaucous beneath, entire, or on vigorous shoots, 

 finely serrate; flowers white; corolla 3 lines long, with 5 very small lobes re- 

 curving from the small opening, and 10 semitransparent glands in a circle at 

 base with a slight constriction above them which becomes obvious on drying; 

 fruit somewhat depressed globose, 4 to 5 lines in diameter, fleshy but rather 

 dry, red or orange color; seeds somewhat angular, closely crowded, 5 or 6 in a 

 cell. 



Coast Kanges, most common toward the coast in our region: Santa Cruz 

 Mts. ; Oakland Hills; Mt. Tamalpais; Sonoma and Napa cos. Sierra Nevada, 

 mostly northward, but not common. Growing on high ridges, mountain slopes 

 and in gravelly valleys, it reaches its greatest development in Mendocino and 

 Humboldt counties where, on account of its habit and varying expression of 

 growth in association with Oregon Oak and Black Oak, Douglas Fir and Ked- 

 wood and its wonderful play of bark and leaf color, it is a source of never-end- 

 ing study and delight to the botanical traveler. 



7. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Adans. Manzaxita. 

 Evergreen shrubs with very crooked branches, the bark dark red or chocolate- 

 colored, smooth and polished; wood hard but brash. Leaves commonly entire, 

 more or less vertical by twisting of the petiole. Flowers white or pink, in term- 

 inal subglobose clusters or panicles composed of short racemes, the parts usually 

 in 5s. Bracts commonly scaly. Sepals distinct. Corolla urn-shaped. Stamens 

 and anthers as in Arbutus; filaments thickened above the base and hairy at the 

 middle. Ovary raised on a hypogynous disk, 4 to 10-celled, with one ovule in 

 each cell, in fruit forming a drupe or dry brown "berry'' with several stony 

 nutlets. Nutlets distinct, irregularly united in 2s or 3s, or sometimes consoli- 

 dated into a single stone; pulp mealy or in late summer powdery. — The 

 individuals are very abundant and in the company of Buck Brush, Scrub Oak, 

 Pickeringia and other spiny shrubs, form the exceedingly extensive brush 

 thickets km.wn as chaparral which impart a marked character to the scenery of 

 the higher Coast Range ridges and mountain summits. (Greek arktos, a bear, 



ami staphule, a grape j bears teed on the berries.) 



