356 LABIATAE. 



1 or - accessory whorls below; calyx-teeth lanceolate-subulate; corolla white, 

 ■I or 5 lines long, dotted with purple. 



Mountains and higher valleys: Eussian Eiver Valley; Lake Co. and north- 

 ward. July. 



N. iiederacea (L.) Trev. Ground Ivy. Gill-over-the-Ground. Creeping 

 and trailing; leaves reniform ; corolla 3 times length of calyx, light blue. — 

 Bouldin Island (N. glechoma Benth.; Zoe, iv, 215). 



5. LOPHANTHUS Benth. 



Tall perennial herbs. Leaves ovate, serrate, petioled. Flowers violet- 

 purple or whitish, crowded in a terminal spike. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 

 rather oblique, almost equally 5-toothed. Upper lip of corolla 2-lobed, nearly 

 erect; lower lip spreading, its middle lobe crenate. Stamens 4, exserted, the 

 anthers nol approximate in pairs. (Greek lophos, crest, and anthos, flower.) 



1. L. urticifolius Benth. Glabrous or nearly so, 3 or 4 ft. high; calyx- 

 lobes membranaceous, pinkish or whitish; corolla light violet-purple, its lobes 

 Blightly hairy but throat glabrous. 



North Coasl Ranges south to Sonoma Co., rare within our limits but common 

 northward and in the Sierra Nevada. 



6. BRUNELLA L. Self Heal. 



Low perennial herbs, the nearly simple stems terminated by a Bhort-spicate 

 or subcapitate inflorescence, each whorl composed of six subsessile flowers and 

 subtended by broad floral bracts. Calyx reticulate-veiny, membranaceous or 

 chartaceous, bilabiate; upper lip truncate with 3 cusps; lower 2-cleft; lips 

 closed in fruit. Corolla-throat inflated and tube more or less exserted; upper 

 lip erect, galeate, entire; lower lip 3-lobed, the middle lobe hanging down- 

 wind. Stamens 4, in pairs under the upper lip, each filament or those of the 

 upper with a small tooth below the anther. Nutlets smooth and glabrous. 

 | Derived from the Old German breune or braune, an affection of the throat, 

 which Self Heal was used to cure.) 



1. B. vulgaris L. Four to 10 in. high, green and nearly glabrous; leaves 

 oblong to ovate-lanceolate, obscurely serrate, 1 to 3 in. long, petioled; corolla 

 violet, pinkish or rarely white, exceeding the purplish calyx; middle lobe of 

 lower lip with setaceous incised margin. 



Woods of low hills and valleys near the coast: Marin Co., Knights Valley 

 and north to Humboldt Co. June. 



7. STACHYS L. Hedge Nettle. 

 Ours hispid or soft-pubescent herbs with the flowers few in the axils of 

 the floral leaves, usually forming an interrupted spicate inflorescence. Calyx 

 tubular-campanulate or turbinate, 5 to 10-nerved or -ribbed, with 5 nearly erect 

 or spreading pointed equal teeth, sometimes the upper larger and more or less 

 united. Corolla with cylindrical tube, not dilated at the throat; upper lip 

 erect or Blightly turned backward, over-arched or concave, entire or notched; 

 lower lip Longer, spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe larger, the lateral lobes 

 often deflexed. Stamens 1. in pairs, ascending under the upper lip of the 



corolln. 01 one or both pairs sometimes detlcxed to the sides of the throat and 



contorted after anthesis. Nutlets obtuse at the apex. (Greek stachus, an ear 

 of corn, hence a spike; given to these plants on account of their spicate in- 

 florescence.) 



