372 SCROPHULARIACEAE. 



one ot several, erect, 6 to 18 in. high, with linear mostly alternate leaves, 

 those of the procumbent radical shoots broader and oftener opposite or 

 whorled; flowers in a raceme; pedicels erect, not longer than the slender curved 

 spur of the blue corolla. 



Sandy soil, rather uncommon: Palo Alto; San Francisco; Alameda; Oak- 

 land; Mt. Tamalpais; Lake Co.; College City, Colusa Co.; French Camp. 

 M;tr. -Apr. 



2. L. vulgaris Mill. Butter-and-ecgs. Perennial, erect, 1 to 2i/> ft. 

 high; leaves linear, very numerous; flowers yellow in a terminal dense raceme; 

 corolla (including the slender spur) 1 in. long or more. 



Introduced in a few places: Berkeley; Pt. Reyes; Valley Ford. 



4. COLLINSIA Nutt. 



Annuals with opposite leaves. Flowers whorled, forming a raceme, or axil- 

 lary and scattered. Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft. Corolla declined (the proper 

 tube very short and the abruptly expanded or gibbous throat forming an 

 angle with it), deeply bilabiate; upper lip 2-cleft, with erect lobes; lower lip 

 larger, 3-lobed, the middle lobe conduplicate or keel-shaped and enclosing the 

 4 declined stamens and style. Filaments long and filiform, the lower pair 

 inserted higher on the corolla than the others; the gland at base of corolla 

 represents the fifth stamen. Capsule septicidal, the valves soon 2-cleft. (Zac- 

 cheus Collins, American botanist, of Philadelphia, 1764-1831. Species variable. 

 The corolla is a striking imitation of the papilionaceous type.) 



Filaments with the upper pair bearded, the lower pair glabrous. 



Flowers long-pediceled (some or all the pedicels much longer than the flowers), solitary, 



or the upper in whorls of two or three 1. C. sparsiflora. 



Flowers short-pediceled or almost sessile, crowded in whorl-like clusters, the lowest 

 subtended by leaves, the others by bracts. 

 Herbage staining brown; upper lip of corolla commonly destitute of crests or trans- 

 verse ridge; flowers yellowish or whitish, usually with purple markings 



2. C. tinctoria. 

 Herbage not staining; upper lip of corolla with a low transverse ridge at its junction 

 with the throat. 

 Corolla rose-purple or violet, the upper lip paler or whitish; calyx-lobes commonly 



lanceolate, acute 3. C. bicolor. 



Corolla white or nearly white, the lower lip lilac or purple tinged; calyx-lobes 



oblong, obtuse 4. C. bartsiaefolia. 



Filaments all glabrous; upper lip of corolla with a jagged wing-like crest at base of lobes 

 or with a pair of prominent callous teeth on each side; flowers in whorls of 2 to 4, 

 the pedicels sometimes as long as the calyx 5. C. greenci. 



1. C. sparsiflora F. & M. Slender, branched from near the base, com- 

 monly about 6" in. high; herbage reddish; lowest leaves elliptical, 3 lines long, 

 with 1 or 2 teeth on each side, on petioles nearly as long, the upper oblong 

 to linear, twice as long or more and becoming gradually sessile; corolla 4 to 

 (i lines long; upper lip bluish or sometimes yellowish at base, purple-dotted 

 at throat, hardly shorter than the lower lip; lateral lobes of lower lip purple; 

 upper lip with an evident transverse ridge or crest; keel sometimes yellowish 

 externally, more or less pilose-pubescent ; upper pair of filaments pubescent on 

 the upper side; gland conical or somewhat elongated; seeds concave 1 on one 

 side and convex on the other, acutely margined, about 2 in each cell. 



Common in low holds or in wel places on hillsides. Coast Ranges, Sierra 

 Nevada foothills and Southern California. Healdsburg; Napa Co.; Lake 

 Co.; Oakland Hills; San Francisco; Santa Cruz Mts.; Martinez,; Chico. Apr.- 

 Ma.v. 



Z. C. tinctoria llartueg. Stems stontish, simple or diffusely branching, 



