FIGWORT FAMILY. 383 



Springs and rivulets in the hills and mountains. Coast Ranges; Sierra 

 Nevada. June. 



17. CASTILLEIA Mutis. 



Root-parasitic herbs or sometimes suffrutescent plants, of hilly districts. 

 Leaves alternate, sessile, entire or more commonly laciniate. Flowers dull yel- 

 lowish or greenish, in terminal spikes (rarely pediceled), the bracts and 

 calyx-lobes commonly more showy than the dull yellow or greenish corolla. 

 Calyx tubular, flattened laterally, cleft before and usually behind, the divisions 

 entire, emarginate or 2-eleft. Upper lip (galea) of the corolla long and nar- 

 row, fattened laterally (or conduplicate) and enclosing the style and the 4 

 unequal stamens. Lower lip very short, 3-lobed or -toothed. Anther cells 

 unequal, the outer versatile, the inner pendulous. Capsule many-seeded. (D. 

 Castillejo, Spanish botanist.) 



Annual: calyx about equally cleft before and behind, wholly green; corolla straight, 

 exserted from the calyx-tube and exposing the short scarlet lower lip . . 1. C. stenantha. 

 Perennials. 



Calyx much more deeply cleft before than behind; corolla falcate, the galea well 



exserted from lower side of calyx and exposing the lower lip 2. C. affinis. 



Calyx qually cleft before and behind; galea included or little exserted Cthe lower lip 

 never exposed). 



Calyx-lobes mostly 2-cleft to middle; herbage villous-hirsute; leaves linear 



3. C. parvifiora. 

 Calyx-lobes entire or with slightly 2-lobed summit. 



Herbage viscid-pubescent; leaves oval or obovate 4. C. latifolia. 



Herbage white-woolly throughout; leaves linear 5. C. foliolosa. 



1. C. stenantha Gray. Annual, erect, virgate, 1*4 to 2% ft. high, the 

 whole plant glandular-pubescent and wet as if with dew; leaves ascending, 

 linear-lanceolate, 1V» to 3 in. long, all entire; lower leaves with long linear 

 tips, these coiling spirally when wilting; bracts entire, the uppermost with 

 scarlet tips; lower flowers pedicellate; calyx equally cleft or cleft slightly 

 deeper behind: calyx-lobes incisely 2-cleft at apex; corolla wholly green (except 

 the lower lip) or sometimes slightly yellowish, straight, well-exserted from 

 calyx-tube, exposing the bright scarlet teeth of the lower lip; corolla-tube 

 longer than galea. — (C. spiralis Jepson.) 



Moist rivulets: northern Napa Co.; Monterey to San Diego; southern Sierra 

 Nevada. The only annual species in the State. 



2. C. affinis H. 6c A. Scarlet Cup. One to 2 ft. high, with few virgate 

 branches from the base, rather leafy below; herbage nearly glabrous, some- 

 what villous, or slightly scabrous-puberulent ; leaves linear, entire, 4 in. long 

 or less; raceme loose below; bracts scarlet, 3-parted, the middle lobe largest 

 and 3-eleft at apex; flowers pediceled, 1*4 in. long; calyx-lobes notched or 

 2-cleft at apex, the teeth acute; corolla yellowish, falcate, much exserted 

 from the anterior cleft of the scarlet or scarlet-tipped calyx, and exposing the 

 lower lip; galea about as long as tube, villous, bearded towards apex on the 

 back. 



Borders of woods in the Coast Ranges about San Francisco Bay: Oakland 

 Hills; San Fra>. SCO, etc. Mar. -May. The large lower leaves have three strong 

 callom Bracts very long, the lobes rather narrow, not broader above. 



Difficult to discriminate from the next; best known by its bright Bcarlet 

 pediceled Bowers, callous-nerved leaves, and the at length rather loose raceme. 



3. C. parviflora Bong. var. douglasii Jepson. Indian Paint Brush. 

 Steins from base rather few; herbage villous- hirsute ] Leaves linear, varying 

 to linear-lanceolate or -oblong, entire or with a few linear-laciniate lobes, 1 ' j to 



