398 



DII'SACEAE. 



Am im-li, Davy. 



4. P. magna (Greene) Suksdorf. Stems stoutish, often 2 to 2i/> ft. high, 

 the remote nodes with 1 or 2 very slender branches; leaves oblong-obovate, 

 obtuse. 1 in _' i iii. long, the uppermost smaller, ovate and often acute; 

 "corolla white, its spur short and thick;" fruit smooth and somewhat flat- 

 tened laterally or narrow dorsally, glabrous outside or the margins of the 

 wings ciliate, the cavity with a hispid line; wings with thin margins, not 

 lobed at apex, incurved, meeting above and leaving a small circular opening 

 below, or closed below and open above. 



North Coast Ranges: Vaca Mts.; Napa Eange; Knights Valley. 



5. P. macrocera T. & G. Slender, mostly simple, 3 or 4 to 8 in. high; 

 leaves linear or narrowly oblong; spur of corolla longer than tube; fruit more 

 or less hispid, dorsally carinate, the carina 2-grooved; lateral wings broad, each 

 with a more or less obvious lobe at apex, spreading or incurved. 



Napa Range and elsewhere. Var. ciliosa Jepson. Carina of fruit ribbon-like, 

 bordered on each side with a rather dense row of short equal bristles perpen- 

 dicular to it. — Marin Co. 



6. P. davyana Jepson. Simple, about 1 ft. high; leaves mostly narrowly 

 oblong; flowers in a dense and mostly uninterrupted spike; spur of corolla 

 much shorter than throat; fruit with broadish back, more or less hispid, the 

 carina bordered with many hispid hairs; wings not lobed at apex, incurved, 

 and merging gradually into the beak; cavity of fruit with a small depression 

 on each side from which arises a single stout subulate body. 



Antioch, Davy. 



Valeriana sylvatica Banks. Perennial; stems erect, simple, from root- 

 stocks; radical leaves mainly undivided, obovate; cauline leaves pinnate or 

 pinnately divided, with 3 to 11 or 13 leaflets; calyx-limb of 5 to 15 bristle- 

 shaped calyx-lobes whieh are coiled up and inconspicuous until the fruiting 

 stage when they unroll and form a conspicuous plumose and pappus-like crown 

 to the fruit. — High Sierra Nevada. 



DIPSACEAE. Teasel Family. 



Serbs with opposite leaves. Flowers in dense heads or short spikes sur- 

 rounded by an involucre. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its limb cup-shaped 

 or divided into bristles. Corolla borne on the calyx-limb, with 4 or 5-lobed 

 limb. Stamens 4 (or 2 by abortion), inserted on the throat of the corolla; 

 li laments exserted. Ovary 1-celled; style filiform; ovule 1. Fruit an achene, 

 crowned with the persistent calyx. 



bracts of the spike or head conspicuous, rigid, prickly-pointed, exceeding the flowers.... 



1. DlPSACUS. 

 Bracts of the head herbaceous, inconspicuous, concealed among the flowers. .. .2. Scabiosa. 



1. DlPSACUS L. 



Stout coarse and prickly biennial herbs. Cauline leaves united at base. 



Flowers pinkish white, in a dense oblong head or short spike, surrounded by an 



involucre of elongated bracts much surpassing the pointed bracts subtending 



tlir flowers. Bracts in fruit very rigid and spine-like. Calyx-limb cup-shaped, 



l toothed. Corolla I lobed. A.chene surrounded by a 4 to 8-ribbed involucel. 



• k name of t he Teasel.) 



1. D. fullonum L. Fuller's Teasel. Erect, i or 5 ft. high; radical 



leaves broadly oblong, arcuate, 1*4 ft. long or less; upper cauline connate per- 



