LOBELIACEAE. 401 



Corolla open-eampanulate. Capsule short and broad, 3-celled, 3-angled, burst- 

 ing by mostly irregular lengthwise fissures in the thin spaces between the ribs. 

 . different, and kodon, bell, the flowers campanulate and of two 



different kinds.) 



1. H. rariflorum Nutt. Stems filiform, 1% to 9 in. high; leaves round- 

 ish. 1% to 5 lines long, sessile, truncate or subcordate at base, sharply toothed, 

 the teeth bristle-pointed and the margin between the teeth frequently ciliate- 

 bristly; calyx sparsely hispid, its lobes ovate, sparingly toothed. 1 to 3 lines 

 long; corolla of earlier flowers scarcely evident, of the later flowers well de- 

 veloped, light blue (the short lobes darker), with the tube 1% to 2 lines long. 



Coast Eauges (Berkeley, Xapa Valley. Lake Co. and northward) ; Sierra 

 Nevada; Southern California. Apr., or as late as July in the higher mountains. 



4. GITHOPSIS Xutt. 



Small annuals with blue flowers terminating the stems or branches. Calyx- 

 tube cuneate, strongly 10-ribbed, adnate up to the summit of the ovary, with 

 5 linear foliaceous lobes. Corolla tubular-campanulate. Filaments short, 

 dilated at the base; anthers long and linear. Ovary 3-celled; stigma 3-lobed. 

 Capsule coriaceous, crowned with rigid calyx-lobes of its own length, strongly 

 striate-ribbed, many-seeded, dehiscing at apex by a perforation at the place 

 where the style falls away. (Name from Githago, the calyx resembling that 

 of the Corn-Cockle.) 



1. G. specularioides Nutt. Stems simple or with 1 or several proliferous 

 branches, these in turn sometimes proliferous, 4 to 7 in. high; herbage retrorse- 

 ly rough-pubescent or glabrous; upper leaves oblong, or narrower, 3 to 5 lines 

 long, the lowermost obovate, 1 or 2 lines long, all sharply few-toothed; calyx- 

 lobes 3 to 8 lines long, eventually callous-ribbed, shorter than or 3 or 4 times 

 as long as the corolla; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube; capsule rigid, taper- 

 ing into a short and stout peduncle. 



Open ground in the hill country of the Coast Banges (Hupa Valley, Bound 

 Valley. Xapa Valley, Sonoma, Jolon) ; Sierra Nevada. The var. diffusa 

 Jepson is nearly glabrous; sinuses of the calyx hispidulous. — Vaca Alts.; South- 

 ern California. 



LOBELIACEAE. Lobelia Family. 



Annual herbs with alternate simple entire leaves. Flowers in racemes, com- 

 plete. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its free border with 5 distinct lobes or 

 teeth. Corolla epigynous, bilabiate, 2 lobes in the upper lip and 3 in the 

 lower. Stamens 5, inserted with the corolla, but generally free from it 

 and alternate with its lobes; anthers and filaments usually united into a tube 

 about the style. Ovary 2-celled; style 1; stigma capitate and girt with a 

 rim of hairs. Juice mostly milky and acrid. Fruit in ours a many-seeded 

 1 or 2-celled capsule. 



Stems erect or ascending; corolla conspicuously bilabiate; capsule commonly 1 to 2 in. 



long 1. Downingia. 



Stems procumbent; corolla-segments only slightly unequal; capsule l /z in. long 



2. HOWELLIA. 



1. DOWNINGIA Torr. 

 Dwarf herbs of low plains, margins of vernal pools or in "hog wallows," 

 sometimes in the mountains or in saline marshes. Calyx-tube (adnate to the 

 very long and stalk-like. Corolla with a short tube and ample bila- 

 biate limb; lips spreading, the larger 3-lobed, the smaller 2-cleft with narrow 

 divisions. Ovary 2-celled, becoming a 1-celled capsule with 2 parietal filiform 



