SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 427 



ternate, entire, sessile. Heads rayless, about 10-flowered, disposed in terminal 

 corymbs. Flowers yellow. Involucre oblong-campanulate, its bracts 8 to 

 10 or 12. linear, rigid, carinately 1-nerved, equal. Receptacle naked. Corolla 

 funnelform. Anthers sagittate at base. Style glabrous, its flattened branches 

 papillose on the back. Pappus soft and white. (Anagram of Inula.) 



1. L. hypoleuca Benth. var. calif ornica Gray. Stems nearly 1 ft. high 

 from a woody rootstock. white-tomentose; leaves ovate-oblong to elliptic, 1 in. 

 long, white with wool beneath, becoming glabrous and green on the veiny 

 upper surface; heads 5 or 6 lines high, several in an open cluster. 



Rare plant of the coast region: Chimney Rock, Mendocino Co.; Santa Cruz 

 Mts., Ktllogg. 



26. ARNICA L. 



Perennial montane herbs, somewhat glandular or aromatic. Stem single, 

 bearing 1 to several large heads at the summit. Leaves all opposite or the 

 upper alternate. Involucre broadly campanulate, not calyculate at base; 

 bracts lanceolate, equal, somewhat in 2 ranks. Receptacle flat, naked. Disk- 

 flowers many, yellow; ray-flowers pistillate when present, yellow. Achenes 

 slender and somewhat spindle-shaped, w T ith a callous knob at base. Pappus 

 a single row of rather rigid and strongly roughened denticulate white bristles. 

 (Origin of name obscure.) 



Rays none; leaves more or less coarsely dentate 1. A. discoidea. 



Rays present; leaves more or less serrate 2. A. latifolia. 



1. A. discoidea Benth. Coast Arnica. One and one-half to 2*4 ft. 

 high, glandular- or viscid-pubescent especially above; leaves ovate or oblong, 

 irregularly and often coarsely dentate, rounded or truncate or cordate at base, 

 4 in. long or less, on petioles nearly their own length; cauline sessile, reduced, 

 often with salient teeth, the upper sometimes alternate; heads % in. high or 

 nearly so; rays none; involucre villous-glandular ; achenes sparsely hispidulous, 

 2 to 3 lines long. 



Dry open woods: frequent in the Coast Ranges from San Luis Obispo 

 to Monterev, Mt. Tamalpais, Mt. Diablo and northward beyond our limits. 

 May-Sept. 



2. A. latifolia Bong. Ten to 18 in. high, more or less glandular but 

 seemingly glabrous; leaves opposite, with 3 or 4 cauline pairs, the lower ovate 

 or roundish and petioled, the upper narrower and sessile, sharply serrate 

 (especially the middle ones) or some entire; heads 7 to 9 lines high; rays 7 

 lines long. 



Montane: Mt. Hamilton; Sierra Nevada. 



27. SENECIO L. Groundsel. 

 Herbs with alternate leaves and heads in terminal corymbs, rarely solitary. 

 Heads many-flowered. Flowers yellow in both disk and ray, the latter pis- 

 tillate or none. Involucre cylindrical to campanulate, with 1 or 2 rows of 

 bracts of equal length, naked or with some small short bracts at base; bracts 

 erect or connivent. Receptacle flat, naked. Achenes terete. Pappus of 

 abundant white and soft hairs. (Latin senex, an old man, on account of the 

 white hair-like pappus.) 



A. Annuals. 



Rays none; involucre with small black bracts at base 1. S. vulgaris. 



Rays inconspicuous, recurved; involucre naked at base 2. S. sylvaticus. 



Herbs. B. Perennials. 



Heads with rays. 



Leaves more or less bipinnately dissected or incised; heads many.. 3. S. curyccphalus. 



