SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 429 



reduced and the heads few; basal leaves ovate to oblong, 3 to 8 in. long, on 

 petioles 5 in. long or less, irregularly and coarsely toothed, denticulate or al- 

 most entire; cauline leaves similar or mostly lanceolate, reduced and auricled 

 at base, the uppermost bract-like; involucral bracts lanceolate, either willi 

 or without purple tips; flowers 15 to 26 or only 10 or 12; rays none, rarely 1 or 

 2; achenes 1% lines long, glabrous. 



Thickets or sparsely chaparral-covered country: Mt. Day; San Francisco; 

 Mt. Tamalpais; Berkeley Hills; Mt. Diablo; Vaca Mts. ; Calistoga, etc. Com- 

 mon and widely distributed in the Bay region, but variable in aspect and not 

 abundant in any one locality. Cauline leaves often more irregularly or salient- 

 ly toothed than the basal ones. 



7. S. hydrophilus Nutt. Stem purplish, 2 or 4 ft. high, strict, few- 

 leaved; herbage somewhat succulent, glabrous, more or less glaucous; leaves 

 fleshy-coriaceous, entire or barely denticulate; the radical and lowest cauline 

 oblanceolate and stout-petioled, 8 to 11 in. long, iy 2 in. wide, the upper cauline 

 sessile or partly clasping; heads often very numerous, cymose-corymbose, small 

 (5 lines high), short-pediceled; involucre campanulate, slightly calyculate; 

 rays none or rarely few. 



Abundant in the Suisun Marshes and found in other marshes about San 

 Francisco Bay; thence northward. May- July. 



8. S. douglasii DC. Creek Senecio. Bush 3 ft. high, leafy up to the 

 inflorescence ; herbage at first whitish-tomentose, later more or less glabrate ; 

 lower leaves pinnately divided into 5 to 9 narrowly linear revolute lobes, the 

 upper with only 3 lobes (the middle one several times larger), or the upper- 

 most entire; heads 7 lines high; involucre broadly turbinate, the bracts linear 

 with attenuate tips, dorsally carinate below; rays about 13, the ligules 5 lines 

 long; achenes linear, canescent, 2 lines long. 



Dry stream beds, in late summer or autumn: Putah Creek; Napa Co., and 

 southward through the Mt. Diablo region to Southern California. 



9. S. mikanioides Otto. Ivy Senecio. Climbing by twining stems over 

 shrubs and trees to a height of 5 to 20 ft.; leaves ivy-like, roundish-cordate, 

 sharply 5 to 7-angled; petioles as long or longer; stipules reniform, present 

 except on the uppermost leaves; corymbs more or less paniculate; heads linear- 

 oblong, 5 to 7 lines long, the involucre about % the length of the corollas. 



Along streams at the western base of the Oakland Hills ; Berkeley ; Temescal 

 Creek; Mills College. Also at San Luis Obispo (1906). Jan. Naturalized 

 from South Africa. 



Tribe 4. Anthemideae. Mayweed Tribe. 

 28. ANTHEMIS L. Chamomile. 

 Branching herbs. Leaves alternate, finely and pinnately dissected. Heads 

 solitary on terminal peduncles, % to 1 in. broad. Kay-flowers white, pistillate, 

 the spreading rays at length reflexed; disk-flowers yellow. Involucre hemi- 

 spherical, its bracts scarious and at length dry, imbricated in several series. 

 itaele conical, with chaff-like bracts toward the summit. Achenes angled 

 Late, not hairy. Pappus none. (Ancient Greek name of the Chamomile.) 

 1. A. cotula L. Mayweed. Annual, 1 to 2 or rarely 3 ft. high; herbage 

 ill-scented, nearly glabrous; bracts narrow and acute, or awl-like; ray-flowers 

 11 to 20, sterile; achenes rugose, 10-ribbed. 



Abundant in pastures and waste ground. Naturalized from Europe. May- 

 Aug. 



A. xodills L. Gardes Chamomile. Perennial, G to 12 in. high, the erect 



