430 



COMPOSITAE. 



peduncles from procumbent branches; herbage pubescent, aromatic; bracts 

 broad, membranous, obtuse; ray-flowers 12 to 19, fertile; achenes smooth, 

 angled. On the coast at Ft. Bragg; sparingly naturalized from Europe. 



29. ACHILLEA L. Yarrow. 



Perennials herbs with alternate leaves, in ours pinnately divided into many 

 fine segments. Heads in a terminal corymb, radiate; rays few, white; disk- 

 flowers yellow; both disk and ray fertile. Involucre oblong or ovoid, its bracts 

 imbricated, with scarious margins. Receptacle chaffy, nearly flat. Achenes 

 strongly obcompressed, callous-margined, destitute of pappus. (In honor of 

 Achilles.) 



1. A. millefolium L. Common Yarrow. Milfoil. Stems simple, erect 

 or ascending at the very base, 2 to 3 ft. high; herbage pubescent; leaves linear- 

 lanceolate in outline, the multifid divisions crowded on the rachis; corymb 

 compound, flat-topped; rays 4 or 5. 



Common throughout California: along the coast, on low interior hills, and 

 even in the most remote mountain ranges; appearing as if native. Mar.-July. 



30. CHRYSANTHEMUM L. 



Annual or perennial herbs, ours with toothed or incised leaves. Heads large, 

 solitary on leafy-bracted peduncles. Disk-flowers yellow; rays yellow or white. 

 Receptacle flat or hemispherical, naked. Achenes glabrous, at least those of the 

 disk 5 to 10-ribbed all around. (Greek chrusos, gold, and anthemon, a flower.) 



1. C. segetum L. Corn Chrysanthemum. Annual, erect, 1 to 2 ft. high; 

 herbage glabrous; lower leaves pinnatifid or incised; upper merely denticulate, 

 sessile by a clasping base; heads (including the yellow rays) 2 in. wide; ray 

 achenes broad, 3-sided, lateral angles winged and few-toothed; disk achenes 

 cylindric. 



Fields at West Berkeley ; Mendocino City. May- June. 



C. leucanthemum L. Ox-eye Daisy. Involucral bracts with dark red mar- 

 gins; rays white. — Sierra Nevada; reported from Santa Cruz. 



31. MATRICARIA L. 



Ours glabrous annuals with pinnately dissected leaves. Heads solitary or 

 somewhat corymbose, with many greenish yellow flowers. Receptacle slender- 

 conical, naked. Bracts of the involucre imbricated, with scarious margins, 

 persistent. Corollas tubular, without limb. Rays none. Pappus reduced to 

 ;i membranous, crown or border, or none. Achenes glabrous, 3 to 5-nerved on 

 the sides, rounded on the back. (Latin matrix, because used medicinally.) 



Heads 2 to 4 lines high; achenes with an obscure margin at summit. ... 1. M. suaveolens. 

 Heads mostly 4 to 6 lines high; achenes with a broad crown, or a lobed 1-sided pappus.... 



2. M. occidcntalis. 



1. M. suaveolens (Pursh) Buch. Pineapple Weed. Branching, 2 to 10 

 in. high; herbage sweet-scented; heads short peduncled, 2 to 3 (or 4) lines 

 high; bracts of the involucre broadly oblong. — (M. discoidea DC.) 



Common in beaten roadways, aboul old farm buildings and in pasture lands 

 throughout California. Apr.-May. Doubtfully native; a similar query also 

 to be set against the next. 



2. M. occidentalis Greene. Either branching or anbranched below the 

 corymbose summit, l'o to 2 ft. high; herbage not so Btrongly scented; heads as 

 much as '._. in. high; achenes sharply angled, with a broad crown-like margin, 

 or lobed and 1-sided. 



