432 COMPOSITAE. 



/ 



eicled; heads many, nodding in long racemose panicles, involucre l 1 /^ or 2 

 lines broad; acholics with a minute sqiiamellalo crown-shaped pappus. 



Exposed slopes of hills, often gregarious; Berkeley Hills and Mt. Diablo 

 range southward to Southern California. 



4. A. dracunculoides Pursh. Glabrous, not aromatic, perennial; stems 2 

 to I ! ■_• ft. high, either virgately or paniculately branched; leaves linear, less 

 than 1 to 2 lines broad, entire or the lowermost 3-toothed or -cleft; heads 

 numerous, nodding on very slender short peduncles in a close or open panicle, 

 the clusters sometimes secund on the slender branches; marginal flowers fer- 

 tile, disk-flowers perfect but sterile, as also in the next. 



San Leandro Creek, ace. to Bot. Cal. ; Southern California; common in the 

 Sierra Nevada, thence far eastward and northward. 



5. A. pycnocephala DC. Stems stout, simple, 1% to 214 ft. high, some- 

 what woody at base, crowded with leaves up to the inflorescence; herbage 

 densely silky; leaves once to thrice pinnately divided into linear lobes; heads 

 erect, in spikes, the spikes crowded in a dense virgate panicle; heads almost or 

 quite - lines in diameter; involucre densely villous. 



Sand hills along the coast from Monterey to San Francisco and north to 

 Humboldt Co. 



34. COTULA L. 



Low strong-scented herbs. Leaves alternate, dissected or lobed. or with some 

 entire on the same plant. Flowers yellow. Heads slender-peduncled, discoid, 

 low-hemispherical. Bracts of involucre greenish, in about 2 ranks. Eeceptacle 

 flat or nearly so, naked. Outer series of flowers pistillate only and apetalous. 

 Disk-flowers with 4-toothed corolla, fertile or infertile. Mature achenes raised 

 on pedicels, compressed, spongy -margined or narrowly winged, destitute of 

 pappus. (Greek kotule, small cup or low vessel.) 



Annual; leaves pinnately dissected; pistillate flowers in 2 or 3 rows 1. C. australis. 



Perennial; leaves some pinnatifid and some entire, sheathing at base; pistillate flowers in 

 a single row 2. C. coronopifolia. 



1. C. australis Hook. f. Slender, branching, 2 to 5 in. high; herbage 

 with scattered soft spreading hairs; leaves pinnately or bipinnately dissected 

 into linear lobes; heads very small, 1 to 1^2 lines broad; bracts of involucre 

 brownish-tipped and with scarious edges; pistillate flowers in 2 or 3 rows, 

 pediceled; disk-flowers nearly or quite sessile; marginal achenes somewhat 

 compressed, minutely hispid on both faces but the margin glabrous. 



Streets of towns and cities: Berkeley; Oakland; San Francisco. Jan.-Mar. 

 Naturalized from Australia. 



2. C. coronopifolia L. Brass Buttons. Perennial, somewhat succulent, 

 often Bubaquatic ; stems commonly many and clustered, decumbent, % to 1 

 ft. long; leaves linear, lanceolate, or oblong, entire, coarsely toothed or pin- 

 natifid on the same plant, dilated at base into a short sheath round the stem; 

 heads depressed, 4 to 5 lines broad; pistillate flowers in a single row, on pedi- 

 cels as lung as the involucre, without corolla; disk-flowers on much shorter 



pedicels. 



Saline localities everywhere and ill springy places in the hills, most abundant 

 in salt marshes about San Francisco Bay and (lowering from Mar. to Dec. 

 One of the first plants to appear on the reclaimed mud flats. Naturalized from 

 South Afrira. 



35. SOLIVA B. ,v P. 



Small depressed annual with rigid short branches, petioled and pinnately 

 dissected Leaves, and discoid heads of greenish flowers sessile in flu- forks. 



