SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 433 



Involucre of 7 or 8 greenish nearly equal bracts. Receptacle flat. Outer 

 series of flowers pistillate and npetalous; innermost (lowers perfect but sterile, 

 the corolla 4-toothed. Achenes obcompressed, callous-margined or winged and 

 pointed with the hardened persistent style. Pappus none. (Dr. Salvador Soliva 

 of Spain.) 



1. S. sessilis R. & P. Plants 2 to 4 in. across, minutely pubescent or rusty 

 villous; one, two or three heads sessile at the very base, the somewhat tortuous 

 stems radiating from under these ; involucral bracts 7 or 8, oblong, acute, 

 pilose-pubescent; pistillate flowers 9 to 12; each wing of the achene terminat- 

 ing above in an incurved tooth; staminate flowers fewer than the pistillate, 7 to 

 9; styles stout, subulate, conspicuously exserted beyond the disk-corolla. 



Moist ground: Mendocino Co.; Howell Mt.; Oakland; Santa Cruz Mts.; 

 Satita Barbara. Probably naturalized from Chile. Mar. -May. 



Tribe 5. Helenieae. Sneezeweed Tribe. 

 36. JAUMEA Pers. 



Perennial glabrous herbs. Leaves linear, entire, fleshy, opposite and connate 

 at base. Heads middle-sized, many-flowered, solitary, terminating the branches, 

 the peduncles thickened at apex. Flowers yellow, the rays pistillate, all fertile. 

 Involucre cylindraceous-campanulate, its bracts broad and imbricated, the outer- 

 most short and fleshy. Receptacle naked, conical. Corolla glabrous. Style- 

 branches of the disk-flowers thickened upward and papillose. Achenes linear, 

 striatelv 10-nerved. Pappus (in ours) none. (I. H. Jaume St. Hilaire, French 

 botanist.) 



1. J. carnosa (Less.) Gray. Stems slender but rather rigid, many from 

 the fleshy crown of the taproot, mostly simple, 4 to 6 in. long, decumbent at 

 base and rooting at the nodes; leaves semi-terete, % to 1 in. long; heads % 

 in. high ; rays about 6. 



Salt marshes about San Francisco and Suisun bays; beaches along the Cali- 

 fornia coast and north to British Columbia. June-Oct. 



37. LASTHENIA Cass. 

 Glabrous slightly succulent annuals. Leaves opposite, entire, sessile and 

 more or less connate at base. Heads on slender peduncles. Flowers yellow, 

 with o to 15 rays. Bracts of the involucre more or less united into a hemi- 

 spherical or eampanulate toothed cup. Receptacle conical or subulate, covered 

 with projecting points which bear the linear or linear-oblong flattened achenes. 

 Pappus of 5 to 10 paleae or none. (Named for a Greek girl who attended the 

 lectures of Plato in the garb of a man.) 



Pappus none; rays conspicuous. 



Bracts united only below the middle; tube of corolla short-hirsutulous. . 1. L. conjugens. 



Bracts united above the middle; tube of corolla nearly glabrous 2. L. glabrata. 



Pappus of 5 to 10 paleae, 2 or 3 awn-pointed; rays very inconspicuous; bracts united 

 above the middle 3. L. glabcrrima. 



1. L. conjugens Greene. Succulent or sometimes slender, 5 to 12 in. high, 

 pubescent with short scattered hairs; leaves narrowly linear, with linear seg- 

 ments, or merely toothed, or the lowest entire; involucral bracts united only 

 toward the base; corolla-tube usually hirsutulous; achenes polished, less than 

 1 line long. 



Subsaline fields in the Bay region: A.ntioch; Newark, etc. Apr. 



2. L. glabrata Lindl. Usually branching above the base, 11 to 16 in. high; 

 Leaves linear and entire or sometimes the upper pair broadly lanceolate .and 

 toothed, conspicuously connate and sheath-like at base; peduncles elongated, 



