SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 441 



\".i r. anomala Jepson, n. eomb. Chaffy bracts of receptacle not joined into 

 a cup, enclosing '•'> flowers only; achenes all gibbously obovate, those of the rays 



3 to 5. — Marin Co. (M. capitata var. anomala Jepson.) 



4. M. madioides (Nutt.) Greene. Woodland Madia. Perennial (or some- 

 times biennial?); stem or steins from the base simple, hearing a terminal 

 corymbose panicle of long slender and nearly naked branches, 1% to 2V4 ft. 

 high; some or most of the leaves opposite, linear, a few varying to lanceolate, 



4 in. long or less, entire or sparingly denticulate; bracts of the involucre 8 

 to 1 12 , with short tips; rays acutely 3-lobed, 3 or 4 lines long; only ray- 

 achenes fertile, these much flattened, curved and somewhat obovate, the sur- 

 face covered with minute muriculations and the sides with many striae; pappus 

 of very short fimbriate or hairy paleae. — (M. nuttallii Gray.) 



Wooded country near the coast from Monterey to Mt. Tamalpais, Bolinas 

 Eidge and northward. June. 



5. M. radiata Kellogg. Stem stout, 2 to 3 ft. high; hirsute and viscid; 

 larger leaves broadly lanceolate, denticulate; bracts of the involucre 10 to 20, 

 with short tips; rays light yellow, V- 2 to % in. long, obtusely 3-toothed; 

 chatty bracts between ray and disk united; disk-flowers very numerous on a 

 nearly flat glabrous receptacle, fertile, except the central ones, somewhat 

 clavate and 4-angular; ray-achenes narrowly obovate-falcate, flat, tipped with 

 a minute reflexed beak. 



Near the mouth of the San Joaquin River. 



6. M. elegans Don. Common Madia. Stem 1 to 3 ft. high; lower leaves 

 linear, 3 to 8 in. long, short-hirsute, often densely so; upper leaves much re- 

 duced in size, linear-lanceolate; herbage, particularly above, viscid with short 

 gland-tipped hairs, the involucres and peduncles more or less hirsute with white 

 hairs; heads many in a corymbose panicle; receptacle convex, fimbrillate- 

 hirsute; rays 12 to 15, % to nearly 1 in. long, yellow or with a red spot at 

 base; achenes flattish, light brown or blackish, smooth. 



Variable and abundant species found on dry hillsides and in valley fields. 

 July-Oet. Var. densifolia Jepson, leaves crowded toward the base or tufted. 



46. HARPAECARPUS Nutt. 



Small slender viscid-glandular annual with sweet-scented herbage and narrow 

 entire mostly alternate leaves. Head small, few-flowered, borne on naked fili- 

 form peduncles. Flowers yellow; corolla glabrous. Ray-flowers 4 to 8, the 

 ligules minute. Disk-flower 1, the bracts of the receptacle united and forming 

 an enclosing cup, the receptacle otherwise naked. Achenes slender, laterally 

 compressed. Pappus none. (Greek harpe, a sickle, and karpos, fruit, on account 

 of the shape of the ray-achenes.) 



1. H. exiguus Gray. Paniculately branched, commonly 4 to 6 in. high, the 

 leaves narrowly linear; heads \ x /- 2 to 2 lines long; bracts of the involucre 4 to 

 8, lunate and strongly carinate, the free tip scarcely any, very hispid-glandular; 

 ray-achenes obovate-lunate, pointed by a small disk. — (Madia filipes Gray.) 



Open brush or woods in the mountains of the Coast Ranges: northern Cali- 

 fornia; Napa Range; Cazadero; Oakland Hills; Pajaro Hills, southward to 

 Sou ther n California, northward to British Columbia. 



Hemizonella Gray. Near Harpaecarpus but the leaves mainly opposite; 

 disk-flowers solitary or rarely 2 to 4 ; rays minute. H. PABVULA Gray. Much 

 branched, 2 or 3 in. high; heads subsessile or on slender peduncles; achenes 

 tipped with an incurved beak. — Sierra Nevada; Mendocino Co. H. minima 

 Grav. One in. high; achenes beakless. — Sierra Nevada. 



